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TEP 233A: Topics in Education Research & Design • Welcome! • Four presentations over the Winter Quarter: – – – – Jim Levin (today) Ross Frank, Ethnic Studies (Monday, Jan 24) Amanda Datnow, USC (Wednesday, Feb 9) Brian Goldfarb, Communication (Monday, Feb 28) Proseminar web page • http://tepserver.ucsd.edu/courses/tep233a/wi05/ Coordinators for next 3 presentations • Ross Frank, Ethnic Studies (Monday, Jan 24) Jo & Daniel • Amanda Datnow, USC (Wednesday, Feb 9) Ruth & Carrie • Brian Goldfarb, Communication (Monday, Feb 28) Krysti & Suzanne Educational Research Expertise as Multiple Coordinated Research Methods Jim Levin Teacher Education Program University of California, San Diego http://tepserver.ucsd.edu/courses/tep233a/wi05/levin/ Plan for this session • • • • • Short presentation by Jim Levin Survey of research methods you use and why Small group discussion of methods Report to whole from each group General discussion and summary Debate about research methods • NCLB: "scientifically based research" • Random-assignment • Qualitative vs. quantitative What is the nature of educational research expertise? What is the nature of expertise? • Studies of expertise • What's the difference between an expert and a novice? Mental models of the Web • Survey study: "What is your mental model of the Web?" • Novices with the web: 18 unique responses (from 44 subjects) • Experts with the web: 27 unique responses (from 38 of the same subjects) (Levin, Stuve, & Jacobson, 1999) Mental models of the Web • Case studies of 10 people (2 novices, 4 intermediate, 4 experts) • A novice had a single model of the Web • An expert had several models and chose which model to use depending on the task An expert is: a person • with multiple coordinated representations of a subject area and • with the meta-knowledge of when to use which representation and when to switch. Representational Toolkit Framework for Expertise • An expert has a set of representational tools, and knows which tool to use for which task and when to switch from one tool to another. Methodological debate among carpenters? • Which is the best tool? the hammer or the saw? What's your goal? • Do you have two pieces of wood and a nail and want to fasten them together? or • Do you have one piece of wood and a line along which you’d like them separated? An expert carpenter: • Has expertise with a wide range of tools • Has the knowledge of which tool to use for which purpose Educational research methods debates • Which is the best research method? What are your research goals? Which research method best accomplishes your research goals? Mixed Methods Research • Johnson & Onwuegbuzie "Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come" Educational research expertise • Research methods toolkit framework • The power of multiplicity - bringing multiple coordinated research approaches to bear on educational problems • Multiple coordinated methods Distributed educational research expertise • A distributed network of coordinated educational researchers with expertise in a diverse set of research methods - a community of educational research practitioners How to achieve educational research expertise? • One step is to make explicit the range of educational research methods and the strengths and weaknesses of each method Interactive portion of presentation • Survey activity: take a few minutes to fill out the questionnaire being handed out • Small group discussion activity: count off by twos and form three groups to discuss research methods identified by each member • Whole group discussion: reports from each group and general discussion Mental models of educational research (generated during the presentation) Dinner party Big blob Luxor - pyramid with floors Telescope - stars as students; observer as researcher ; stars as other researchers Gardening - planting, watering, weeding, noting changes, changing Debate forum - between practitioners and researchers More mental models of educational research Strengths and weaknesses (generated during the presentation) More strengths and weaknesses Yet more strengths & weaknesses Summary • An expert has multiple coordinated representations. – An expert educational researcher – An expert educator – A learner moving to expertise • A community of educational research practitioners is a distributed network of coordinated educational researchers with expertise in a diverse set of research methods Contact information: Jim Levin [email protected] http://tepserver.ucsd.edu/~jlevin/ p.s. on Educational expertise • Multiplicity of educational approaches to support to acquisition of multiple coordinated representations How to support educational research expertise? • New interactional frameworks • Collaborative work across disciplines • Integration of research and teaching; research and learning