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IN AND OUT The Respiratory System ARE BREATHING AND RESPIRATION THE SAME THING? NO! BREATHING IS… Process where: 1. Fresh air is brought into the lungs (bringing oxygen to the circulatory system and the cells!) And… 2. Stale air is removed from the lungs (expelling carbon dioxide wastes produced by the cells!) RESPIRATION IS… Process where: 1. Digestive system produces glucose in the cells from digested food. 2. Oxygen + glucose = energy (and some waste called carbon dioxide which is carried back to your lungs and expelled when you exhale) KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Nasal Cavity Air enters through mouth or nostrils. Cilia trap dust from the air, and mucus traps dirt & pollen. As air passes through, it is warmed and moistened. Dust, dirt, and pollen are moved by cilia to the back of the throat swallowed, coughed out, or sneezed out. KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Pharynx (aka throat): tube that connects to the trachea Cilia in the pharynx also filter dirt, dust, or bacteria that wasn’t caught before. KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Epiglottis: flap of tissue at the end of the pharynx that keeps food from going down your trachea when you swallow KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Larynx (aka voice box) The vocal cords are attached to this! When you talk, your muscles tighten and loosen the vocal cords. When air passes over them, they vibrate and different pitches of sound are produced. KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Trachea (aka windpipe): tube that carries air from mouth to lungs Lined with mucus and cilia C-shaped rings of cartilage keep it open 24/7. KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Lungs: 2 cone-shaped organs filled with layers of tubes & consist of: Bronchi: 2 tubes that are split at the end of the trachea that carry the air you breathe further into the lungs. Bronchioles: branches off further into thousands of tiny tubes that carry the air even further Alveoli: tiny sacs at the ends of the bronchioles that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream. KEY PLAYERS – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Diaphragm: muscle that contracts and relaxes as you breathe Separates lungs from abdomen. Moves down when you inhale, moves back up when you exhale.