Download Bohr Diagrams, Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids

BOHR DIAGRAMS,
METALS, NONMETALS, AND
METALLOIDS
BOHR DIAGRAMS

A model invented by Niels Bohr in the 1900’s
to show the number and arrangement of
electrons in each shell/energy level.
Rule: Each shell can only hold a certain number
of electrons.
 1st shell  2 electrons
 2nd shell  8 electrons
 3rd shell  8 electrons
 4th shell  18 electrons

This rule of 2-8-8-18 applies to ALL atoms!
You’ll notice that the Periodic Table is full of patterns
that occur as a result of regular changes in atom’s
structures!
Ex.: Elements with similar properties line up in columns
because they share similar electron arrangement
HOW TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBATOMIC
PARTICLES OF AN ATOM:
# of Protons = atomic number
 # of Electrons = same as the number of protons
 # of Neutrons = mass #
- atomic number

HOW TO DRAW BOHR DIAGRAMS
Step 1: Determine the # of protons,
neurtons, and electrons
Eg. P (Phosphorus)
Protons = 15
Electrons = 15
Neutrons = atomic mass – atomic #
= 31 - 15
= 16


Step 2: Draw the nucleus as a circle:

Step 3: Put the # of protons in the nucleus and the #
of neutrons below:
12p
12n

Step 4: Place the electrons in orbits around the
nucleus by drawing circles around the nucleus.
12p
12n
METALS, NON-METALS, AND
METALLOIDS
Mendeleev organized the Periodic Table by
properties, which made some interesting patterns
 He found 3 groups:

Metals
 Non-metals
 Metalloids

The metalloids share some properties with both
metals and non-metals!
PROPERTIES OF METALS, NON-METALS,
AND METALLOIDS
State at
Room Temp.
Appearance
Conductivit
y
Malleability
and
Ductility
Metals
• Solid, except • Shiny lustre
for Mercury (a
liquid)
• Good
conductors of
heat and
electricity
• Malleable
• Ductile
NonMetals
• Some gases
• Some solids
• Only
Bromine is a
liquid
• Not very
shiny
• Poor
conductors of
heat and
electricity
• Brittle
• Not ductile
Metalloids
• Solids
• Can be shiny
or dull
• May conduct • Brittle
electricity
• Not ductile
•Poor
conductors of
heat