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ELECTRICITY
8 Sci – Term 2
What is Electricity?
Electricity – The flow of electrons through a conductor
Electricity
How does electricity work?
Ask: What is electricity made out of?
O How does it make a lightbulb glow?
O What is it inside batteries that allows them to power devices?
Electricity is driven by electrons.
O What are electrons?
In order to understand electricity and electronics we have to first
understand what are electrons and what do they do.
 Atomic Theory of Matter
Atomic Theory of Matter
Aristotle thought that everything was
made up of four ‘elements’:
Earth, Wind, Fire & Water
Atomic Theory of Matter states that all
matter (physical things) is made up of
atoms.
O Atoms of the same groups form
elements
E.g. – Hydrogen, Oxygen, Copper, Gold
are all different elements
O Atoms combine together to form
molecules (water, salt, etc)
Atomic Theory of Matter
Every atom contains three basic particles
O Neutron (RED) – Particles that contain no charge
O Protons (BLUE) – Particles that contain a positive (+)
charge
O Electrons (GREEN) – Particles that contain a negative (-)
charge. Orbit the centre in electron shells
Neutrons & protons join together in
the centre of the atom and form
the nucleus.
Static Electricity
Ever rubbed your shoes and then
shocked someone?
= Static Electricity
Static electricity is the build-up of
electrons within or on the surface of a
material. When the build-up is big
enough it can jump between different
surfaces