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Part I: The Lymphatic System Consists of two semi-independent parts: 1. Lymphatic ________________ 2. Lymphoid _____________ and ______________ Lymphatic system functions _______________ escaped fluids back to the ______________ o Plays essential roles in body ______________ and resistance to ______________ Lymphatic Vessels Lymph—excess tissue fluid and plasma proteins carried by lymphatic vessels If fluids are not picked up, _____________ occurs as fluid accumulates in tissues Lymphatic vessels pick up excess fluid (_______________) and return it to the blood Lymphatic Vessels Lymphatic vessels (lymphatics) o Form a ________-way system toward the heart Lymphatic Vessels Lymph ______________ o Weave between tissue cells and blood capillaries o Walls overlap to form flaplike minivalves o Fluid leaks into lymph _________________ o Capillaries are anchored to connective tissue by ______________ o Higher pressure on the inside _____________ minivalves o Fluid is forced along the ____________ Lymphatic Vessels Lymphatic collecting vessels o Collect lymph from lymph capillaries o Carry lymph ___ and __________ from lymph _____________ o Return fluid to circulatory veins near the heart Right lymphatic duct drains the lymph from the ____________ arm and the right side of the head and thorax Thoracic duct drains lymph from ____________ of body Lymphatic Vessels Lymphatic vessels are similar to veins of the cardiovascular system o ______-walled o Larger vessels have _________ o Low-pressure, ____________ system Lymph transported is aided by: o Milking action of skeletal muscles o Pressure changes in thorax during breathing o Smooth muscle in walls of lymphatics Lymph Nodes Lymph nodes filter lymph before it is returned to the blood Harmful materials that are filtered: o ______________ o ____________ o ___________ cells o Cell ___________ Lymph Nodes Defense cells within lymph nodes o ___________________—engulf and destroy foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign cells o ___________________—respond to foreign substances in the lymphatic system Lymph Nodes Most are kidney-shaped and less than 1 inch long and are buried in connective tissue _________ (outer part) o Contains ________________—collections of lymphocytes o Germinal centers enlarge when __________________ are released by plasma cells ___________ (inner part) o Contains phagocytic macrophages Lymph Nodes Flow of _________ through ____________ o Lymph enters the __________ side through ______________ lymphatic vessels o Lymph flows through a number of ________________ inside the node o Lymph exits through ___________ lymphatic vessels o Because there are fewer efferent than afferent vessels, flow is slowed Other Lymphoid Organs Several other organs contribute to lymphatic function: o _______________ o _______________ o _______________ o Peyer’s ____________