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Wednesday Bell Ringer • Write down daily learning log –Pg. 8: Plate Boundary Notes • Copy down homework –Plate Boundary Tree Diagram Types of Plate Boundaries • Plate Boundaries: Where two lithospheric plates meet –Divergent (what does “diverge” mean?) –Convergent (what does “converge” mean?) –Transform • Plate Tectonics Explained Divergent Plate Boundaries Divergent/Convergent Boundaries Divergent V ideo Divergent Boundary: What’s Happening? • When two plates move or spread apart from each other • Draw Picture – Connection: What causes them to move apart from each other? – What hand motion would you use? • http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0804/es0804page0 1.cfm?chapter_no=visualization What does this actually look like? Video 1: http://www.videosurf.com/video/divergent-boundary-119597587 And Video 2: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=2ED78244-ED66438C-B2DD-55C2D810C4A1&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US Divergent Boundary: Landforms Created • • • • Mid-Ocean Ridge New Crust Rift Valley Sea-floor Spreading Divergent: Vocabulary • Seafloor Spreading: New crust is formed at divergent boundary; old crust is pushed further away Divergent: Vocabulary • Mid-Ocean Ridge: Underwater mountain ranges created when magma builds up at divergent boundary • Rift Valley: Deep depression or “Ditch” where plates diverge Real-World Example: Mid-Atlantic Ridge Hikers walk in the shadow of cliffs in Ireland. The divergent Mid-Atlantic Ridge rises above sea level, with the North American plate to the west and the Eurasian plate to the east. Divergent Summary • How are the plates moving at the boundary? • What landforms occur as a result of plate movement? • Divergent boundaries • Convergent boundaries – Video Clip (2:00) • Transform boundaries Today we are learning about CONVERGENT! Convergent Boundaries • There are two things that can happen when two plates move towards one another –1. One sinks under the other and starts to melt –2. They both collide and start to crumble and pile up. Types of Convergent Boundaries • Oceanic - Oceanic • Oceanic - Continental • Continental - Continental • The only difference between the two type of plates is the rock composition and the density. Continental-Collision: What’s happening? • Two Continental Plates collide and crash into each other– lithosphere folds like wrinkles • Draw Picture Continental-Collision: Landforms • Mountains – Continental plates crunches and folds the rock at the boundary, lifting it up and leading to the formation of mountains. • Real World Example: Appalachian Mountains Continental-Subduction: What’s Happening? • Oceanic-Continental: Oceanic plate subducts (more dense) • Oceanic-Oceanic: Older oceanic plate subducts under younger oceanic plate • Draw Picture – http://geology.com/nsta/convergent-boundary-oceaniccontinental.gif Continental-Subduction: Landforms • Trenches • Volcanoes • Earthquakes Vocabulary: Convergent-Subduction • Subduction Zone: An area where one plate (denser) sinks below another Vocabulary: Convergent-Subduction • Volcano: A mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth. When pressure builds up, eruptions occur and gases and magma are expelled. Real World Example: Cascade Volcanoes (Washington/ Oregon) Vocabulary: ConvergentSubduction Trench: Deep depression in ocean floor forms where one plate sinks below the other Real World Examples: Mariana Trench Convergent Plates Types of Convergent Boundaries Relative Density What happens OceanicOceanic OceanicContinental ContinentalContinental Both have same density, but one is older Older plate goes under the other (subduction) Oceanic is more dense than continental Ocean plate goes under the continental plate (subduction) Volcanoes Exp: Ring of Fire Both have same density Landforms Volcanoes and ocean trench Exp: Mariana Trench They hit each other and squish upwards Mountains Exp: Himalaya Mountains Where are we going? We appear to be headed for another super continent as North America, South America, Asia and Australia converge in the ever shrinking Pacific Ocean Ring of Fire= Subduction Zones Summary Sentence • How are the plates moving at the boundary? • What landforms occur as a result of plate movement? • Divergent boundaries • Convergent boundaries • Transform boundaries Transform boundaries: What’s Happening • Two plates slide past each other http://www.classzone.com/b ooks/earth_science/terc/con tent/visualizations/es0804/e s0804page01.cfm?chapter_ no=visualization Transform boundaries: Landforms • Earthquakes • Faults http://www.classzone.com/b ooks/earth_science/terc/con tent/visualizations/es0804/e s0804page01.cfm?chapter_ no=visualization Vocabulary: Earthquakes • Earthquakes: “Shaking” in the earth due to plate movement. As the plates move, they put tension on themselves and each other. When the force is large enough, the crust is forced to break. When the break occurs, the stress is released as energy which moves through the Earth in the form of seismic waves Vocabulary: Transform • Faults: Cracks in the earth crust that occur when plates snap • Real World Example: San Andreas Fault (California) Tsunami • Tsunami: Giant waves caused by earthquakes occurring on the ocean floor • “Harbor Wave” in Japanese • Real World Example: – Japanese Tsunami – Mega tsunami Summary Sentence • How are the plates moving at the boundary? • What landforms occur as a result of plate movement? Thursday Bell Ringer • Write down daily learning log –Pg. 15: Div. & Conv. Lab Analysis –Pg. 16: Video Responses –Pg. 17: Plate Tectonic Versatile • Copy down homework – Finish Stations for THURSDAY, FRIDAY, & MONDAY • Glue in completed notes/homework on pg. 14 Plate Tectonic Stations • Station #1: Divergent & Convergent Inquiry Lab • Station #2: Plate Tectonics Video Responses (Ipad) – Fill out sheet • Station #3: Plate Tectonics Versatile – Highlight/Underline and number evidence – If finished, play matching game Friday Bell Ringer • Find your table color • Glue in station completed yesterday (Pg. 15-17) into interactive notebook –Pg. 16 should be written in notebook –Stations need to be completed for homework Think Earthquakes are rare? • http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=eart hquake • Think again! Over half a million magnitude 1 earthquakes a year! Plate Tectonic Stations • Station #1: Seafloor Spreading Lab and Convergent Inquiry Lab • Station #2: Video Responses –FOLLOW DIRECTIONS ON TABLE! • Station #3: Survey & Plate Tectonics Versatile –Highlight/Underline and number evidence –If finished, play matching game Monday Bell Ringer • Find your table color • Glue in station completed yesterday (Pg. 15-17) into interactive notebook –Pg. 16 should be written in notebook Tomorrow • Plate Tectonics Classwork Mastery Check –May use notebook –Pages must be glued in to use! –Pages #11-17 Simon Says • Divergent • Convergent • Transform Plate Tectonic Stations • Station #1: Seafloor Spreading Lab and Convergent Inquiry Lab • Station #2: Video Responses –FOLLOW DIRECTIONS ON TABLE! • Station #3: Survey & Plate Tectonics Versatile –Highlight/Underline and number evidence –If finished, play matching game CER • Is a volcano more likely to occur in E or F? Write your claim and evidence Plate Tectonic Stations • Station #1: Seafloor Spreading Lab and Convergent Inquiry Lab • Station #2: Plate Tectonics Brainpop –Fill out sheet • Station #3: Plate Tectonics Versatile –Highlight/Underline and number evidence Convergent Inquiry Lab 1. What does Map 1 represent or have on it (hint: look at the title and extras on the map)? – Location of volcanoes 2. What does Map 2 represent or have on it (hint: look at the title, key and colors)? – Plate boundaries: Red Convergent, Blue Divergent, Green Transform 3. Place Map 1 and Map 2 side by side. CER: Claim, Evidence, and Reasoning • Write your claim and evidence. Convergent Inquiry Lab 4. What do you notice now that the two maps are together? • The large clumps of volcanoes line up with the plate boundaries 5. What color line/boundary do the volcanoes line up with? • Red lines 6. What does this color mean (hint: look at the key)? • Convergent Plate Boundaries (2 plates are coming towards one another) 7. Why do you think that these plate boundary lines and volcano lines match up? • Volcanoes are formed at convergent boundaries/subduction zones Convergent Inquiry Lab • Based on what you have seen and what you know about Continental Drift and Convection Currents, how do you think volcanoes form? CER • Write claim and evidence (3). • The movement of earth's plates directly cause all EXCEPT this type of catastrophic event: A. hurricane B. tsunami C. volcano D. earthquake Frequent Earthquake Areas • The pink lines show where transform boundaries exist: http://www.learner.org/interactives/dyna micearth/plate.html • News about Haiti: http://www.cbsnews.com/news /four-years-after-earthquakehaiti-says-its-makingcomeback/ HAITI CALIFORNIA JAPAN INDIA Seismograph • Instrument that detects, measures, and records various seismic waves (Primary, Secondary, and Surface waves)