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SPELLING RULES Prefixes A prefix is a language form which is placed at the beginning of a word to change its meaning: Prefix disreunmispre Meaning opposite again not wrongly before Example disagree, dissatisfied return, review unfriendly misspell preview When a prefix ends with the same letter that begins the word that it is attached to, do not drop either letter e.g. ir + relevant = irrelevant un + necessary = unnecessary When prefixes are added to words ending in double consonants, the double consonant is often kept e.g. re + call = recall en + roll = enroll fore + tell = foretell THE EXCEPTION: un + till = until Suffixes A suffix is a form placed at the end of a word to change its use, meaning, or both: Suffix -ed -ing -ly -er, -est -ful -less Use/Meaning past-tense verbs present participle verb form characteristic of comparative full of without Example dropped running quickly higher, biggest careful fearless Words ending in a silent e must have the e dropped before adding a suffix beginning with a vowel e.g. cure – curable pure – purity convince – convincing THE EXCEPTION: keep the e if the word ends in ge or ce and the suffix begins with a, o, u, or a consonant e.g. manage – manageable/management notice – noticeable Words ending in c must be followed by a k before adding a suffix beginning with e, i, or y e.g. mimic – mimicked panic – panicking shellac – shellacking Words ending in the letter y must have the y changed to i before adding a suffix e.g. greedy – greedily hurry – hurried plenty – plentiful Words ending in ie must have the e dropped and i changed to y before adding the suffix -ing e.g. lie – lying die – dying tie – tying When a word ends in ic, add al before adding the suffix –ly e.g. drastic – drastically scientific – scientifically The Golden Rule: i before e except after c, unless sounding like A as in neighbor or weigh