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BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
UNIT 17
PSYCHOLOGY FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
CONTEXT
Sports performance is not only about the levels of skill
and tactics or the levels of fitness that sports
performers have, of equal importance are the
psychological considerations that impact on sports
performance. Performers need to have good levels of
motivation and team players need to be able to function
effectively within their teams. During this unit we will
look at the effects that the different psychological
factors can have on sports performance. This will
include looking at: Personality, Motivation, Stress,
Anxiety and Group Dynamics
SCENARIO
You have been given a placement with the Sports Psychologists at the Subject Support
Sports Academy. The Sports Academy works with young sports performers that have the
potential to succeed. Your role on placement is as an assistant Sports Psychologist. You have
been attached to one of the Sports Psychologists that works with one of the teams within
the academy. During your time on placement you will develop your knowledge and
understanding of the following aspects of sports psychology: Personality and Motivation,
Stress, Anxiety, Arousal and Group Dynamics and you will also put together a psychological
skills training programme.
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BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
UNIT 17
PSYCHOLOGY FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
ASSESSMENT TASK 1. (P1/ P2/M1/D1)
Learning Outcome 1 know the effect of personality and
motivation on performance
Personality and Motivation
SCENARIO
As part of your placement at the Subject Support Sports Academy, the Sports Psychologist
that you are assisting wants you to begin to develop your knowledge and understanding of
some of the key areas of Sports Psychology, beginning with how personality and motivation
effect performance.
TASK
The Sports Psychologist that you are assisting has asked you to produce a booklet for the
young scholars. In the booklet, they have asked you to define personality and how it can
affect sports performance (P1). You also need to describe motivation and how it affects
sports performance (P2). You also need to explain and evaluate the effects of personality
and motivation on sports performance (M1/D1).
START DATE:
HAND-IN DATE:
2
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
3
UNIT 17
ASSESSMENT TASK 1 (P1/P2/M1/D1). HELPSHEET
GRADING CRITERIA
PASS
P1: DEFINE personality and
how it affects sports
performance
MERIT
M1: EXPLAIN the effects of
personality and motivation
on sports performance
DISTINCTION
D1: EVALUATE the effects of
personality and motivation
on sports performance
P2: DESCRIBE motivation
and how it affects sports
performance
USE OF KEY VERBS
VERB
Define
PLAIN ENGLISH
Describe
Try to “Paint a picture” in words. Assume that the person that you are
Describing to does not know anything about the subject that you are
describing. Tell them what you have learned.
Explain
Once you have described the subject, often you will need to give further details
and reasons why. (E.g.) Once you have described England’s poor performance in
the World Cup, you may also give some reasons why the players did not perform
as well as they could.
To complete an Evaluation you need to gather EVIDENCE and make a
JUDGEMENT based upon the evidence. You should use the evidence that you
have gathered to back up your opinion. (E.g.) If you think that Carlos Tevez is the
best striker in the League you need to use statistics – goals to game ratio/ assists
etc., as well as opinion of media experts to back up this judgement.
Evaluate
Give the precise meaning of a certain topic. You may need to use a quotation to
give a definition. (E.g.) A definition of personality is “the sum of the
characteristics that make a person unique”
N
O
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Learner Checklist(Steps to Success)
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Assignment Title: Personality and Motivation
In your booklet, give a definition of personality – gather some information to
enable you to do this. Paint a picture of how personality can affect sports
performance.
TICK WHEN
COMPLETE
Learner
You may wish to consider some of the following areas:
PERSONALITY: Definition: theories (Marten’s Schematic view, psychodynamic
theory, trait theory, situational approach, interactional approach); types (
Assessor
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
type A and B); effects on sports performance (athletes versus non athletes,
individual versus team sports, elite versus non-elite athletes, type A versus
type B)
3
(Evidence towards P1)
Paint a picture in words of motivation and how it affects sports performance
Include the following:
MOTIVATION: Definition; views (trait centred, situation centred, interactional
view); types (intrinsic and extrinsic); theories (e.g.) achievement motivation,
attribution theory; effects on sports performance (positive, negative, future
expectations of success and failure; developing a motivational climate
4
(Evidence towards P2)
Give further details and provide reasons (where appropriate) for the effects
of personality and motivation on sports performance. Once you’ve gathered
all of your evidence make some judgements using the evidence that you
have to back up your judgements for the effects of personality and motivation
on sports performance.
(Evidence towards M1/D1)
USE IMAGES TO MAKE YOUR WORK INTERESTING
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BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
UNIT 17
PSYCHOLOGY FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
ASSESSMENT TASK 2 (P3)
Learning outcome 2 know the relationship between stress,
anxiety, arousal and sports performance
STRESS AND ANXIETY
SCENARIO
Now that you have developed your appreciation of the effects of personality and motivation
on sports performance. As an assistant to the Sports Psychologist at the Subject Support
Sports Academy, the sports psychologist wants you to look at other areas of psychology that
affect sports performance.
TASK
The Sports Psychologist has asked you to produce some leaflets that can help to educate
future scholars in the Academy. The leaflets need to describe stress and anxiety, the
causes, symptoms and their effect on sports performance. (P3). The leaflets need to be
colourful and informative so that they catch the eye of future scholars and provide them
with the necessary information.
START DATE:
HAND-IN DATE:
5
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
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UNIT 17
ASSESSMENT TASK 2 (P3). HELPSHEET
GRADING CRITERIA
PASS
P3: DESCRIBE stress and anxiety,
their causes, symptoms and effect
on sports performance
USE OF KEY VERBS
VERB
Describe
PLAIN ENGLISH
Try to “Paint a picture” in words. Assume that the person that you are
Describing to does not know anything about the subject that you are
describing. Tell them what you have learned.
N
O
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Learner Checklist(Steps to Success)
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2
Title: Stress and Anxiety
In your leaflets, Paint a picture in words of stress and anxiety. Look at the
causes and symptoms of stress and anxiety and the effects that they can have
on sports performance.
TICK WHEN
COMPLETE
Learner
You may wish to consider the following:
STRESS: definition; types (eustress and distress); causes (internal, external,
personal, occupational, sports environments); symptoms (cognitive, somatic
and behavioural); effects on sports performance (nervous system responses,
negative mental state, loss of self-confidence and concentration)
ANXIETY: definition; types (state and trait anxiety); cause (negative effect of
stress); symptoms (cognitive, somatic and behavioural); effects on sports
performance (negative mental state, loss of self-confidence and decreased
expectations of success, fear of failure)
(Evidence towards P3)
USE IMAGES TO MAKE YOUR WORK INTERESTING
Assessor
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
UNIT 17
PSYCHOLOGY FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
TASK 3 (P4/M2)
Learning outcome 2 know the relationship between
Stress, anxiety, arousal and sports performance
Theories of Arousal
SCENARIO
The Sports Psychologist at the Subject Support Sports Academy that you are assisting is
really impressed with the effort and quality of the work that you have produced so far. The
Sports Psychologist really feels that your knowledge and understanding has really improved
through the tasks that you have completed so far.
TASK
The Sports Psychologist has asked you to produce a report on arousal theories. In the report
you need to describe and explain three theories of arousal and the effect on sports
performance (P4/M2).
START DATE:
HAND-IN DATE:
UNIT 17
7
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
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ASSESSMENT TASK 3 (P4/M2). HELPSHEET
GRADING CRITERIA
PASS
P4: DESCRIBE three theories of arousal and
the effect on sports performance
MERIT
M2: EXPLAIN three theories of arousal and
the effect on sports performance
USE OF KEY VERBS
VERB
Describe
PLAIN ENGLISH
Explain
Once you have described the subject, often you will need to give further details
and reasons why. (E.g.) Once you have described England’s poor performance in
the World Cup, you may also give some reasons why the players did not perform
as well as they could.
Try to “Paint a picture” in words. Assume that the person that you are
Describing to does not know anything about the subject that you are
describing. Tell them what you have learned.
N
O
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Learner Checklist(Steps to Success)
1
2
Assignment Title: Theories of Arousal
Paint a picture in words, give further details and provide reasons (where
appropriate) for three theories of arousal and the effect that it can have on
sports performance.
TICK WHEN
COMPLETE
Learner
You need to consider the following:
AROUSAL: definition; theories (e.g.) drive theory, inverted U hypothesis,
catastrophe theory, individual zones of optimal functioning, effects on sports
performance (improvements and decrements in performance level, changes
in attention focus, increase in anxiety levels, choking.
(Evidence towards P4/M2)
USE IMAGES TO MAKE YOUR WORK INTERESTING
Assessor
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
UNIT 17
PSYCHOLOGY FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
ASSESSMENT TASK 4 (P5/M3/D2)
Learning Outcome 3 know the role of group dynamics in
team sports
Group Dynamics
SCENARIO
You have gone past the halfway mark during your placement at the Subject Support Sports
Academy as an assistant Sports Psychologist, time flies when you are having fun. The Sports
Psychologist now wants to turn your attention to how teams perform.
TASK
As an Assistant Sports Psychologist at the Academy, the Sports Psychologist that you are
assigned to wants you to conduct some research and produce some posters that look at
group dynamics. The posters need to identify, explain and analyse four factors that
influence group dynamics and performance in team sports. (P5/M3/D2).
START DATE:
COMPLETION DATE:
9
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
10
UNIT 17
ASSESSMENT TASK 4 (P5/M3/D2). HELPSHEET
GRADING CRITERIA
PASS
MERIT
DISTINCTION
P5: IDENTIFY four factors which
influence group dynamics and
performance in team sports
M3: EXPLAIN four factors which D2: ANALYSE four factors
influence group dynamics and
which influence group
performance in team sports
dynamics and performance in
team sports
USE OF KEY VERBS
VERB
PLAIN ENGLISH
Identify
Create a List of KEY FEATURES. (E.g.) Steven Gerrard’s strengths are: aerobic
endurance, goal scoring ratio etc.
Once you have described the subject, often you will need to give further details
and reasons why. (E.g.) Once you have described England’s poor performance in
the World Cup, you may also give some reasons why the players did not perform
as well as they could.
You need to SELECT the KEY POINTS and EXPLAIN each point providing REASONS
for each point and also looking at POTENTIAL IMPACTS. (E.g.) If you were looking
at the performance of Barcelona you may pick out the key points in their success
– Money, Lionel Messi, Iniesta etc.. You would then explain the contribution of
each player and also look at what the club could do to regain the Champions
League next season
Explain
Analyse
N
O
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Learner Checklist(Steps to Success)
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2
Assignment Title: Group Dynamics
Create a List, give clear details and select the key points, giving reasons for
each point and looking at any potential impacts for FOUR factors that
influence group dynamics and performance in Team sports
TICK WHEN
COMPLETE
Learner
Consider the following:
GROUP PROCESSES. (E.G.) groups or teams; stages of group development
(forming, storming, norming and performing); Steiner’s model of group
effectiveness; Ringelmann effect, social loafing; interactive and coactive
groups
COHESION: definition (e.g.) task and social cohesion; creating an effective
Assessor
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
team climate; factors affecting cohesion (e.g.) environmental, personal,
leadership and team factors; relationship between cohesion and
performance
(Evidence towards P5/M3/D2)
USE IMAGES TO MAKE YOUR WORK INTERESTING
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BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
UNIT 17
PSYCHOLOGY FOR SPORTS PERFORMANCE
TASK 5(P6/P7/M4/D3)
Learning outcome 4 be able to plan a psychological skills
Training programme to enhance sports performance
Psychological Skills Training
SCENARIO
The final task of your experience as an Assistant to the Sports Psychologist at the Subject
Support Sports Academy is to look at psychological skills and a skills training programme.
TASK
The Sports Psychologist has asked you to produce a report that assesses the current
psychological skills of a selected sports performer. In the report you need to identify the
strengths and areas to improve of the performer. (P6).
For the final part of this task, the Sports Psychologist has asked you to plan a six-week
psychological skills training programme to enhance performance for a selected sports
performer. You also need to explain the design of the programme and to justify the design
of the programme for a selected sports performer and make some suggestions for
improvement (M4/D3).
START DATE:
HAND-IN DATE:
12
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
13
ASSESSMENT TASK 5 (P6/P7/M4/D3). HELPSHEET
GRADING CRITERIA
PASS
P6: Assess the current
psychological skills of a
selected sports performer,
identifying strengths and
areas for improvement
MERIT
M4: Explain the design of
the six-week psychological
skills training programme
for a selected sports
performer
P7: Plan a six-week
psychological skills training
programme to enhance
performance for a selected
sports performer
DISTINCTION
D3: JUSTIFY the design of
the six-week psychological
skills training programme
for a selected sports
performer, making
suggestions for
improvement
USE OF KEY VERBS
VERB
PLAIN ENGLISH
Assess
You need to make a judgement, state your opinion and give some reasons for
your answer, using evidence where appropriate (e.g.) Manchester Utd are the
best team in the League…because they have the best goalkeeper in the League...
He kept 20 clean sheets last season more than any other goalkeeper.
Create a List of KEY FEATURES. (E.g.) Steven Gerrard’s strengths are: aerobic
endurance, goal scoring ratio etc.….
Once you have described the subject, often you will need to give further details
and reasons why. (E.g.) Once you have described England’s poor performance in
the World Cup, you may also give some reasons why the players did not perform
as well as they could.
You need to give reasons why you have selected a particular opinion/argument.
You must convince the reader why your opinion/argument is correct. (E.g.) Tiger
Woods is the best golfer in the world…This is true because he has won (x)
competitions, He has won more prize money etc.…
Identify
Explain
Justify
N
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Learner Checklist (Steps to Success)
1
2
Assignment Title: Psychological Skills Training
Make a judgement and give some reasons for your answer for the current
psychological skills of a selected sports performer. List the strengths and
areas to improve for the sports performer.
TICK WHEN
COMPLETE
Learner
Assessor
BTEC National Level 3 Subsidiary Diploma in Sport
Consider the following:
Assessment: Psychological strengths and weaknesses of the individual;
identifying psychological demands of sports; performance profiling
Psychological Skills: motivation (e.g.) goal-setting, performance profiling;
arousal control (e.g.) progressive muscular relaxation, mind to muscle
relaxation, autogenic techniques, breathing control, psyching up techniques;
imagery (e.g.) mental rehearsal, controlling emotions, concentration,
relaxation, pre-performance routines; confidence building (e.g.) self-talk,
positive thinking, changing self-image through imagery.
3
(Evidence towards P6)
Plan a six-week psychological skills training programme to improve
performance for a selected sports performer.
Plan: current situation; aims and objectives; action plan to address aims and
objectives; daily and weekly content of the plan
4
5
(Evidence towards P7)
Give clear, detailed reasons for the plan that you have designed.
(Evidence towards M4)
Put a convincing argument together for the six-week programme. Make
some suggestions how the programme could have been improved.
(Evidence towards D2)
USE IMAGES TO MAKE YOUR WORK INTERESTING
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