Download and Multi-5 (120, 208, 240, 277, 480)

High Intensity
Discharge (HID)
A custom presentation
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HID Family: Universal’s Offering
Universal is the technology leader in every category of HID ballasts covering every
lamp application. Universal stocks and delivers ultra-reliable HID ballasts.
Magnetic HID Ballasts:
•Cover HID lamp types ranging from 35 to 1650
watts including: Metal Halide (MH), Pulse Start
Metal Halide (PSMH) and High Pressure Sodium
(HPS).
•Available in dedicated, Tri (120, 277, 347), Quad
(120, 208, 240, 277), or Multi-5 (120, 208, 240,
277, 480) voltage ballasts.
•Replacement kits available, known as “500K”.
They include all mounting hardware, capacitor,
and ignitor (if needed) in a single box. “502K”
distributor kit covers tri-tap.
Multi-5® Uni-Pak™ HID Ballast and Lamp
Replacement Kits (Core and Coil)
•For High Pressure Sodium and Metal Halide lamp
types.
•Easy ballast replacement kit in one easy-to-carry
box.
•Includes all the components of the distributor
replacement kits with a 5-tap ballast and a
matched lamp.
•This kit is also known as the “555K”
HID Lampholders
•Cover the “standard” E26 medium base and E39
mogul base applications
•Have a large lineup of low wattage HID lampholders
as well including GX10, G12, G8.5, and more.
Universal’s HID Family
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Magnetic HID Family: Primary Benefits
Magnetic HID Ballasts Benefits:
 Multiple standard input voltages:
- Trip tap (120, 277, 347)
- Quad tap (120, 208, 240, 277)
- Multi-5 (120, 208, 240, 277, 480)
- Single voltage and other input voltage combinations are possible
 Color-coded leads for easier installation.
 Simple installation instruction and troubleshooting tips included.
 Adjustable mounting brackets for various mounting configurations.
 Prewired capacitor (plus ignitor if needed) saves installation time and reduces wiring errors.
Multi-5 Uni-Pak (Ballast/Lamp) Replacement Kit Benefits:





Five taps in one: 120, 208, 240, 277 and 480 volt.
Packages the right ballast and lamp to ensure system compatibility – all in an easy-to carry box.
Multi-5 ballast for the correct voltage every time (120, 208, 240, 277, 480).
Matched lamp to ensure system compatibility.
All mounting hardware and components in one easy to carry box.
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HID Family: Primary Benefits
Magnetic HID Benefits:

Trip tap (120, 277, 347), Quad tap (120, 208, 240, 277) and Multi-5 (120, 208, 240, 277, 480):
 Color-coded leads for easier installation.
 Simple installation instruction and troubleshooting tips included.
 Adjustable mounting brackets for various mounting configurations.
 Prewired capacitor (plus ignitor if needed) saves installation time and reduces wiring errors.

High Pressure Sodium Ballasts: These lamp systems provide maximum energy efficiency where color quality is not a
primary concern. Available with constant wattage autotransformers and high reactance lag circuit types. Wattages from 35
– 1000.

Probe Start Metal Halide Ballasts: These lamp systems are an efficient lighting source with good color rendering.
Universal’s HID ballasts are available for lamps from 175W to 1650W with constant wattage autotransformer circuit type.

Pulse Start Metal Halide Ballasts: These lamp systems provide high efficiency lighting source with good color rendering.
Universal’s HID ballasts are available for lamps from 35W to 1000W with constant wattage autotransformers and high
reactance lag circuit types. Metal Halide: Pulse Start provides these additional benefits over Probe Start: Better cold
starting, improved color rendering, faster warm-up times, shorter re-strike times, cooler operation, and reduced color shift.
Multi-5 Uni-Pak (Ballast/Lamp) Replacement Kit Benefits:





Five taps in one: 120, 208, 240, 277 and 480 volt.
Packages the right ballast and lamp to ensure system compatibility – all in an easy-to carry box.
Multi-5 ballast for the correct voltage every time (120, 208, 240, 277, 480).
Matched lamp to ensure system compatibility.
All mounting hardware and components in one easy to carry box.
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HID Lamps. Three different types:
1.
2.
Mercury Vapor (MV) - Banned by DOE
High Pressure Sodium (HPS):


3.
Ceramic arc tube is populated with mercury and sodium
vapors.
Electric arc current in arc tube causes the vapors to
generate a yellowish light.
Metal Halide (MH) Family of Lamps:




The family consist of

Probe start, or standard MH lamps

Pulse Start Metal Halide lamps (PSMH)

Ceramic metal halide lamps (CMH)
Arc tube is populated with mercury and metal halide salt
gases.
Electric arc current in arc tube causes the salt atoms to
generate UV and visible light.
Bulb wall filters out UV and allows visible light to pass
through.
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Metal Halide Lamps
Probe Start and Pulse Start Arc Tube
One of the key differences between the pulse start
metal halide lamp and standard metal halide Standard Metal Halide
lamps is that the standard MH lamp has a starting
electrode, also called a probe, as part of the arc
Starting
tube. The purpose of the starting electrode is to
Electrode
initiate the electric arc in the arc tube.
Removal of this starting electrode allows to build a
lamp with better efficacy and other lighting
characteristics.
However in the absence of starting electrode in a
pule start lamp, pulse start lamps require the Pulse Start Metal Halide
ballast to have an ignitor, or starter. The purpose
of ignitor is to initiate the electric arc in the arc
tube.
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Metal Halide Lamps
Quartz and Ceramic Metal Halide Lamps
Many metal halide lamp wattages are available with quartz or ceramic
arc tubes.
– Quartz is the older technology that has typically been installed.
– Probe-start and pulse-start MH lamps have the arc tube made
from quartz
– Ceramic metal halide lamps is relatively newer technology. Their
arc tubes are made from ceramic material.
– Ceramic arc tubes can operate at higher pressure, and that results
in better color rendering. (Whiter whites!)
– Ceramic lamps do not have a probe electrode, so they are
essentially pulse start lamps that require an ignitor.
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High Pressure Sodium Lamps
High Pressure Sodium (HPS) lamps have a long cylindrical arc tube made
from ceramic material. They are the most efficient type of HID lamp but
since their yellowish color is not very good, HPS lamps may not be ideal
for some applications.
HPS lamps similar to PSMH lamps do not have an additional electrode to
assist in lamp starting; therefore they also require the ballast to have an
ignitor, or starter.
Because of their yellowish color market share of HPS lamps is shrinking
giving a way to metal halide lamps that have better color characteristics.
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Important HID Lamp characteristics
1.
Lamp Wattage

2.
Characterizes lamp power in watts. The more watts the bigger and brighter is the lamp.
The wattage range of commonly used HID lamps is 20 …2000 Watt.
Lamp Life

3.
Expected lamp life in hours
Lamp Light Output

4.
Amount of light produced by lamp in lumens. Lumen is a measure of light as perceived
by a human eye. The higher is lamp wattage, the more lumens lamp produces
Lamp Lumen Maintenance

5.
Is a chart that shows how lumen output of a lamp diminishes with the lamp age
Lamp Efficacy


6.
This is a measure of how efficient the lamp is; that is how much light lamp produces per
each watt of energy consumed
Lamp efficacy is measured in lumens per watt, and is an important characteristic of the
energy efficiency of the lamp. We all want to have more for less; in that case - more
lumens per watt
Lamp Color Rendering Index (CRI)

CRI is a measure of light quality: how close the artificial light is to the natural light in
terms of color rendering. For natural light CRI=100. CRI of an artificial light source is
always less that 100. The higher CRI is, the better light quality is.
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HID Lamp Lumen Maintenance
With Magnetic HID ballasts ...
Over the life of an HID lamp, the light output drops off.
HPS drops off the least, followed by Pulse Start MH.
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HID Lamp Performance: Efficacy vs. Light Quality
Mean Efficacy (lumen per Watt)
13 0
12 0
110
HPS
Lamps
10 0
PS MH Lamps
90
80
Ceramic MH
Lamps
70
60
50
Standard MH Lamps
40
MV Lamps
30
20
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
10 0
CRI
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HID Warm-Up & Re-Strike
HID lamps do not achieve their full light output immediately after starting. Rather, they
require a period of time-1 to 15 minutes-to reach 90% of their full light output. This
period is called the warm-up (or run-up) time.
After a lamp has been on for a period of time and then extinguished, it cannot be
immediately turned back on. Before the lamp can be turned back on, the arc tube must
have a chance to cool down or the lamp will not restart. This period of time is called
the restrike time.
All HID lamps require time to warm up when initially turned on and have a re-strike
delay time when they are inadvertently shut off during operation.
Lamp Type
MH
PSMH
HPS
Warm-up Time
2-15 min.
1-4 min.
3-4 min.
Restrike Time
2-20 min.
2-8 min.
1-2 min.
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HID End-of-Life
Unlike fluorescent lamps, HID lamps “fail” differently than just extinguishing. They
also vary in end-of-life between lamp types.
• High Pressure Sodium
– Arc voltage rises to a point where ballast cannot sustain it and the lamp
repeatedly cycles on and off.
• Metal Halide
– Long lamp life but lumen depreciation (reduced light output) dictates usable
life.
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HID Lamp ANSI Matrix
Ballast specifications identify the HID lamps that are to be used by their ANSI lamp
designations.
This is to prevent compatibility problems in identifying lamp types of the same
wattage that require different ballast types.
ANSI Lamp Designation Matrix
Lamp Wattage
Type
35
Mercury
HPS
S76
50
H45
H46
S68
70
H43
S62
100
H38
H44
150
175
H39
200
250
H37
320
350
400
H33
450
600
750
1000 1500
H36
S55
S66 S50
S51
S106 S111 S52
S56
M107 M57
M58
M59
M47 M48
M90 M102 M152 M136 M153 M154 M131 M155 M144
M149 M141
S54
Standard MH
Pulse Start MH M130 M110 M98
M139
Ceramic MH M130
M140 M142
M143
Notes: H45 is a 40W lamp
M130 is a 39W lamp
H43 listed in 70W column is actually a 75W lamp
M152 175W PSMH replaces M137 175W PSMH
M153 250W PSMH replaces M138 250W PSMH
M154 320W PSMH replaces M132 320W PSMH
M155 400W PSMH replaces M135 400W PSMH
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HID Magnetic Ballast Circuit Types
Lag Ballasts:
- Reactor
- High Reactance Autotransformer (HX), a.k.a. “Auto-Lag”
- Regulated Lag (Reg-Lag), or Magnetic Regulator (Mag-Reg)
Peak Lead Ballasts:
- Constant Wattage Autotransformer (CWA)
- Constant Wattage Isolated Transformer (CWI)
Note: Regulated Lag and CWI have very limited usage.
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Reactors (Rx)
Reactor ballasts have a single coil and are designed for a single input voltage.
They are connected with an ignitor to the lamp and can also have a capacitor for power
factor correction.
Reactor ballasts perform poorly when the power line fluctuates (poor regulation).
Advantages
Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Single Coil
Small Size
Good Efficiency
Lowest Cost
 Available
Poor Power Factor
Poor Regulation
Dip Tolerance 25%
Single Voltage
for Low Wattage MH & HPS 35-150 W and medium wattage PSMH
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High Reactance (HX)
High Reactance ballasts have two coils and are available with multiple taps for different
input voltages.
They are low power factor but can have a capacitor for power factor correction.
Advantages
Disadvantages
•
•
Can be used with any input voltage
•
Heavier, larger, and more expensive than
reactor type
Higher losses than reactors
Notes
Used for multi-tap, low wattage HID lamps
 Performance the same as a reactor
 Capacitor required for High Power Factor

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Constant Wattage Autotransformer (CWA)
CWA ballasts have two coils and are available with multiple taps for different input
voltages. They are high power factor and provide good regulation with the power
line.
Advantages
Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
•
•
Better power line regulation
High power factor
Better voltage dip tolerance
Higher cost
Weight
Not as efficient as reactors or electronic HID
Notes

Most common ballast on wattages above 150W.
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Magnetic Ballast Construction Types
1. Core and Coil
2.

Most common type of HID ballast

Constructed with one or two coils and steel laminations

Available for CWA, High Reactance, and Reactors

A wide variety of input voltages are available

Ballast is installed in an enclosed fixture housing

Capacitor and starter supplied (If needed)
Encased and Potted (a.k.a. F-cans)



Primarily used for indoor down lighting applications where quiet
operation is essential.
All of the components are enclosed in a fluorescent-style ballast
can and are thermally protected.
Available for most lamp types up to 400W
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Ballast Factor
Unlike fluorescent ballasts, which are offered with a variety of ballast factors, HID
ballasts have ballast factors of 1.00.
– Lumens from the lamp are identified by the lamp manufacturer.
• System lumens will take into account lamp lumens and fixture efficiencies.
• Ballasts are not part of the system lumen equation.
– Unique applications may have ballast factors less or more than 1.00, but these are not
very common.
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Core & Coil HID Ballast Temperature Codes
UL Bench-top Temperature Rise Ratings
 UL 1029 Standard requires that HID ballasts have assigned a
temperature codes to identify how hot they run during
operation. Ballast coils temperature rise is used as a measure
of ballast temperature
 Temperature codes are primarily used by the fixture
manufacturers during their approval processes.
 The temperature codes are designated by letters. “A”
temperature code being the lowest ballast temperature; “J”
temperature rating is the highest temperature
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Capacitors
The majority of HID ballasts use capacitors for lamp current control or power factor
correction. These were once available only in metal cans, but many of them are now
constructed with plastic housings and are referred to as “dry” capacitors.
Capacitor Ratings:
– Capacitors are rated in microfarads and volts.
– Replacement capacitors must be the same microfarads and
equal or higher volts than the capacitor being replaced.
Why choose dry capacitors?
– They are smaller in size.
– The plastic case does not conduct electricity, nor does it
require grounding.
– They can operate at higher temperatures, up to 105° C.
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Ignitors
Many HID lamps require that ignitors (a.k.a. starters) are connected to the lamps to
provide an ignition pulse to start the lamp. When ignitors are required, they are
shipped along with the ballast. There are different types of ignitors that will provide
additional benefits.
•
Standard Ignitor
–
•
Auto Shutoff Ignitor
–
–
•
Excellent choice when the fixture is in a place that is difficult to maintain.
The ignitor will stop pulsing after a predetermined time to minimize wear on the ballast and the ignitor.
Long Distance
–
–
•
Always comes with the ballast if the lamp requires an ignitor.
For use when the ballast is remote-mounted from the lamp.
Standard ignitors are limited from some applications by the distance that they can be mounted from the
lamp.
Instant Restrike
–
For low wattage HPS applications when the need for instant re-strike is required.
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Voltages
Unlike magnetic fluorescent ballasts, many HID ballasts can operate on a variety of
input voltages. These ballasts have separate voltage taps, and they require that the
input voltage to be connected to the appropriate tap. This benefit allows contractors
and distributors to stock fewer ballasts while meeting their requirements.

U.S. HID lighting voltages include 120, 208, 240, 277, and 480 volts.
– Common ballast that meet these are:
• 5-Tap: 120/208/240/277/480V – covers ALL voltages
• Quad Tap: 120/208/240/277V
• 480V w/ 120V tap for standby lighting

Canadian HID lighting voltages include 120, 277, and 347 volts.
– Tri-Tap voltages meet these requirements: 120/277/347V
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HID Family: Applications
Target Segments
HID ballasts are ideal for a broad
range of applications.
Target replacement HID ballasts
with Facility Managers over
multi-location facilities with
parking.
 Commercial & Industrial Sites:

Distribution Centers, Warehouses, Factories, etc.
 Convention Centers:

Large meeting space, loading warehouse, trade show floor
spaces, etc.
 Education:

Gymnasiums, parking, etc.
 Government / Municipalities:

Large indoor or outdoor public places
 Healthcare:
HID is commonly used for:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Area lighting (e.g. parking)
Roadways (e.g. underground
roundabouts, tunnels, highways, etc.)
Outdoor lighting
Highbays
Exterior lighting, outdoor wall packs
High ceiling downlighting
Large indoor areas with high ceilings.

Parking structures for visitors/doctors, large lobby atriums,
etc.
 Parking Structures, Stations & Garages:

Garage, flood, pedestrian, pole, specialty indoor/outdoor,
etc.
 Retail:

Grocery stores, convenience stores, shopping center
developers, furniture dealers, etc.
 Sports Arenas:

Coliseums, Arenas, Stadiums, Athletic Fields, etc.
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