Download Chapter 6 Practice Test Answers

Chapter 6 Practice Test
6.1 __________________ and ____________________provide _________for_______
In Cellular Respiration:
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___________broken down to _____ and H2O and
Cell captures some of released energy to make________
Cell resp. takes place in the ________________of _________________ cells
In Photosynthesis:
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Some energy in sun is captured by ______________
Atoms of CO2 and H2O are rearranged
Glucose and Oxygen are ________________ (reacting or produced?)
6.3 Cellular Respiration Banks__________ in __________ Molecules
Cellular Respiration is ______________process that transfers energy from the bonds in
_________to form _________
Cellular Respiration:
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Produces up to ______ATP molecules from each _______molecule
Captures only _____% of the energy originally stored in _________
It is overall an _________process
Other ______ (_________ molecules) can also be used as source of energy
6.5 Cells tap energy from electrons “falling’ from organic fuels to oxygen
Cellular respiration is the controlled ____________of organic molecules
Energy is
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Gradually (absorbed or released?) ___________ in _______amounts
Captured by a ___________ system
Stored in ______
Redox Reaction: ________________________________________________________________
Oxidation: _____________________________________________________________________
Reduction:
_____________________________________________________________________
A molecule is __________________ when it loses one+ electrons
A molecules is ______________ when it gains one+ electrons
Oxygen
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(Gains or loses?)____________ Hydrogen atoms
Becomes (oxidized/reduced) ______________ to H2O
Glucose
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_________ its H atoms
Becomes ____________ to CO2
__________________ are necessary to oxidize glucose and other foods
NAD+
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Important ___________ in (r/o) ___________ glucose
(Accepts or releases) electrons
Becomes (r/o) _______________to ___________
There are other electron “carrier” molecules that function like NAD+
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Form staircase where the electrons ______ from one to the next (up/down)the staircase
These electron carriers collectively are called the _______________________
As electrons are transported (up/down?) the chain, ________ is generated
3 stages of cellular respiration: ________________________________________________
Stage 1 = ______________
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Occurs in __________________
Begins Cellular Respiration
Breaks down ____________into 2 molecules of a ___-Carbon compound called _______
Stage 2 = Citric Acid Cycle
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Takes place in ______________________
Oxidizes ___________ to a 2-Carbon compound
Supplies the 3rd stage with_____________
Stage 3 = _____________________________________
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Involves electrons carried by ___________ and FADH2
Shuttles these electrons to Electron Transport Chain embedded in_________membrane
Involves Chemiosmosis
Generates ATP through ____________________, associated with Chemiosmosis
6.7 Glycolysis (Stage ___) Harvests Chem Energy by(r/o) ___________Glucose to ___________
In Glycolysis
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A single molecule of glucose is enzymatically ______________through a series of steps
2 molecules of ____________ are produced
2 molecules of NADH+ are reduced to 2 molecules of _________
A net of (#) __ molecules of ______ is produced
ATP is formed in _____________ by _________________________
An enzyme transfers a ______________from a_____________ molecule to ADP; ATP is formed
The compounds that form btwn the initial reactant, ____________, and the final product,
___________, are called ____________________
6.7 Steps of Glycolysis grouped into 2 main phases
In Steps 1-4: The __________________________________Phase
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Energy is __________as two ATP molecules are used to energize a _________ molecule
Which is then split into two small ________________
In Steps 5-9: The Energy Payoff
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2 NADH molecules are _________________for each initial glucose molecule
___ ATP molecules generated
6.8 Pyruvate is _________________prior to the Citric Acid Cycle
The pyruvate formed in __________is transported from the cytoplasm into a _________where:
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The citric acid cycle and
____________________ will occur
6.9 The Citric Acid Cycle completes the oxidation of organic molecules, generating many
NADH and FADH2 Molecules
Citric Acid Cycle:
Also called ______________
Completes ________________ of ________________ molecules
Generates many ____________and FADH2 Molecules
The Citric Acid Cycle processes ___-molecules of acetyl _____ for each initial Glucose
Thus after ___ turns of the Citric Acid Cycle, the overall yield per Glucose molecule is
 ____ ATP
 ____ NADH
 2 __________
6.10 Most ATP production occurs by ________________________________Phosphorylation (from 5.12):____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Oxidative Phosphorylation:
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Involves _______________and ____________
Requires adequate supply of _______________
Chapter 6 Practice Test Answers
6.1 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration provide Energy for life
In Cellular Respiration:
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Glucose broken down to CO2 and H2O and
Cell captures some of released energy to make ATP
Cell resp. takes place in the Mitochondria of Eukaryotic cells
In Photosynthesis:
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Some energy in sun is captured by Chloroplasts
Atoms of CO2 and H2O are rearranged
Glucose and Oxygen are produced (reacting or produced?)
6.3 Cellular Respiration Banks energy in ATP Molecules
Cellular Respiration is exergonic process that transfers energy from the bonds in Glucose to
form ATP
Cellular Respiration:
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Produces up to 32 ATP molecules from each Glucose molecule
Captures only 34% of the energy originally stored in Glucose
It is overall an exergonic process
Other foods (organic molecules) can also be used as source of energy
6.5 Cells tap energy from electrons “falling’ from organic fuels to oxygen
Cellular respiration is the controlled breakdown of organic molecules
Energy is
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
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Gradually (absorbed or released?) released in small amounts
Captured by a biological system
Stored in ATP
Redox Reaction: The movement of electrons from one molecule to another
Oxidation: Loss of electrons from one substance
Reduction: Addition of electrons to another substance
A molecule is oxidized when it loses one+ electrons
A molecules is reduced when it gains one+ electrons
Oxygen
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(Gains or loses?) gains Hydrogen atoms
Becomes (oxidized/reduced) reduced to H2O
Glucose
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loses its H atoms
Becomes oxidized to CO2
Enzymes are necessary to oxidize glucose and other foods
NAD+
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Important enzyme in (r/o) oxidizing glucose
(Accepts or releases) electrons
Becomes (r/o) reduced to NADH
There are other electron “carrier” molecules that function like NAD+
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Form staircase where the electrons pass from one to the next (up/down)the staircase
These electron carriers collectively are called the Electron Transport Chain
As electrons are transported (up/down) the chain, ATP is generated
3 stages of cellular respiration: Glycolysis, Pyruvate Oxidation and Citric Acid Cycle, and
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Stage 1 = Glycolysis
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Occurs in cytoplasm
Begins Cellular Respiration
Breaks down Glucose into 2 molecules of a 3-Carbon compound called Pyruvate
Stage 2 = Citric Acid Cycle
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Takes place in Mitochondria
Oxidizes Pyruvate to a 2-Carbon compound
Supplies the 3rd stage with electrons
Stage 3 = Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Involves electrons carried by NADH and FADH2
Shuttles these electrons to Electron Transport Chain embedded in inner Mitochondria
membrane
Involves Chemiosmosis
Generates ATP through Oxidative Phosphorylation associated with Chemiosmosis
6.7 Glycolysis (Stage 1) Harvests Chem Energy by(r/o) Oxidizing Glucose to Pyruvate
In Glycolysis
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A single molecule of glucose is enzymatically cut in half through a series of steps
2 molecules of pyruvate are produced
2 molecules of NADH+ are reduced to 2 molecules of NADH
A net of (#) 2 molecules of ATP is produced
ATP is formed in glycolysis by Substrate-Level Phosphorylation
An enzyme transfers a Phosphate Group from a substrate molecule to ADP; ATP is formed
The compounds that form btwn the initial reactant, glucose, and the final product, pyruvate,
are called Intermediates
6.7 Steps of Glycolysis grouped into 2 main phases
In Steps 1-4: The Energy Investment Phase
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Energy is consumed as two ATP molecules are used to energize a glucose molecule
Which is then split into two small sugars
In Steps 5-9: The Energy Payoff
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2 NADH molecules are produced for each initial glucose molecule
4 ATP molecules generated
6.8 Pyruvate is oxidized prior to the Citric Acid Cycle
The pyruvate formed in glycolysis is transported from the cytoplasm into a mitochondrian
where:
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The citric acid cycle and
Phosphorylation will occur
6.9 The Citric Acid Cycle completes the oxidation of organic molecules, generating many
NADH and FADH2 Molecules
Citric Acid Cycle:
Also called “Krebs Cycle”
Completes oxidation of organic molecules
Generates many NADH and FADH2 Molecules
The Citric Acid Cycle processes 2 molecules of acetyl CoA for each initial Glucose
Thus after 2 turns of the Citric Acid Cycle, the overall yield per Glucose molecule is
 2 ATP
 6 NADH
 2 FADH2
6.10 Most ATP production occurs by Oxidative Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation (from 5.12): Process in which the Hydrolysis of ATP releases energy by
transferring its 3rd phosphate from ATP to some other molecules
Oxidative Phosphorylation:
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Involves electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
Requires adequate supply of oxygen