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Jupiter Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. In Roman mythology, Jupiter was king of the gods. The Romans borrowed much of Greek mythology, and often changed the Greek names into Latin. The planet Jupiter was actually named for the ruler of Olympus in Greece, the mythological Zeus. Even though this giant planet is 370 million miles away, it often shines brightly. Its globular shape is somewhat flattened in the polar regions because of rapid rotation, once in about ten hours. NASA photographs of Jupiter show brightly colored bands ranging from orange to brown to white. A large Red Spot indicates a disturbance in the atmosphere, which was seen as early as 1631 in scientific drawings and is apparently a partially permanent feature of the huge planet. This Red Spot is cooler than the areas that look orange and brown. It rotates in an east to west direction once every six days. Small almost oval white spots rotate counterclockwise also. White bands are cooler and less deep than those that appear orange or brown. Jupiter’s outer layers are gaseous and are composed of mainly hydrogen and helium. The depth of the atmosphere remains unknown. The surface is cold (about –130 degrees C) and inside the planet there is great pressure with high temperatures. The atmosphere appears to have features that are scattered evenly- clouds, currents, and atmospheric disturbances. Winds in the northern part move from east to west, and those in the southern part move from west to east. Jupiter has a ring, possibly more than one, that was determined by pictures taken from Voyager 2 in 1979. It has fourteen satellites and four of them can be seen with the aid of a telescope. The moons viewed by means of a telescope are Io, Europa (about the size of earth’s moon), Ganymede and Callisto. Some scientists think that these four moons might be called planets because of new information about their geological makeup. Jupiter may be seen in the area of a given constellation for more than a year, and it often appears brighter than nearby stars. 1. The largest planet in our solar system is __________________________________. 2. The three evenly scattered features on the planet are ______________, ________________, and ________________________. 3. The outer layers of the atmosphere are __________________________. 4. Two chemical elements found in the outer layers are _____________ and ___________________. 5. Jupiter has fourteen _____________________. Some of their names are ___________________, ___________________, ______________________, and _________________________. 6. The basic colors of Jupiter are ______________, ____________________, ______________________, and _______________________. 7. The large Red Spot rotates in an __________ to _________ direction. 8. _________ __________ are cooler and less deep than the ones that appear orange or brown. 9. Jupiter rotates on its axis once every ___________ hours.