Download BY 124 Mock Exam 2

BY 124 Mock Exam 2
1. Which characteristic is common in all fungi?
A) meiosis in basidia
B) coenocytic hyphae
C) sexual life cycle
D) absorption of nutrients
E) symbioses with algae
2. Which of the following do fungi and arthropods have in common?
A) Both groups have Coenocytic hyphae.
B) Both groups are haploid dominant.
C) Both groups are predominantly saprobic in nutrition.
D) The protective coats of both groups are made of chitin.
E) Both groups do not have cell walls.
3. In fungi karyogamy does not immediately follow Plasmogamy. This…
A) results in specialized structures where reproduction occurs.
B) results in less genetic variation during sexual reproduction.
C) allows fungi to reproduce asexually most of the time.
D) results in heterokaryotic cells.
E) means that fungi are not truly eukaryotic.
4. What are the sporangia of bread molds?
A) asexual structures that produce haploid spores
B) asexual structures that produce diploid spores
C) sexual structures that produce haploid spores
D) sexual structures that produce diploid spores
E) vegetative structures with no role in reproduction
5. Which choice below represents the correct order of events in fungal sexual reproduction?
A) Karyogamy, plasmogamy, germination, meiosis
B) Plasmogamy, karyogamy, meiosis, germination
C) Meiosis, plasmogamy, germination, karyogamy
D) Germination, plasmogamy, karyogamy, meiosis
E) Plasmogamy, karyogamy, germination, meiosis
6. During asexual reproduction in ascomycetes, the ________ produce __________.
A) Basidia; basidiospores
B) Asci; ascospores
C) Conidiophores; conidia
D) Ova; flagellated spores
E) None of the above
7. Lichens are symbiotic associations of fungi and
A) mosses.
B) cyanobacteria.
C) green algae.
D) either A or B
E) either B or C
8. Diploid cells are produced during which stage of fungal reproduction?
A) Plasmogamy
B) Meiosis
C) Karyogamy
D) A & C only
E) All of the above
9. This chemical is used by fungi to locate other nearby fungi for sexual reproduction reproduction.
A) chitin
B) exoenzymes
C) lysergic acids
D) aflatoxins
E) pheromones
10. Which of these fungal structures is associated with asexual reproduction?
A) zygospore
B) basidium
C) conidium
D) ascus
E) antheridium
11. Basidiomycetes differ from other fungi in that they
A) have no known sexual stage.
B) have long-lived dikaryotic mycelia.
C) produce resistant sporangia that are initially heterokaryotic before karyogamy and meiosis occur.
D) have members that are symbionts with algae in lichens.
E) form eight spores that line up in a sac in the order they were formed in meiosis.
12. Chytrids:
A) Are the most primitive fungi.
B) Can be found in colonies with hyphae.
C) Have flagellated spores, called zoospores.
D) A&Conly
E) All of the above
13. Which of the following is the correct order in early animal development
A) Cleavage, gastrulation, blastulation
B) Cleavage, blastulation, gastrulation
C) Blastulation, gastrulation, cleavage
D) Blastulation, cleavage, gastrulation
E) None of the above
14. The mesoderm gives rise to the vertebrate _____.
A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Kidneys
D) A&C only
E) All of the above
15. Hermaphrodites ________.
A) Contain male sex organs
B) Contain female sex organs
C) Usually cross-fertilize
D) A & B only
E) All of the above
16. Most animals exhibit all of the following except…
A) nervous tissue.
B) Eukaryotic
C) autotrophic nutrition.
D) sexual reproduction.
E) multicellular
17. The number of legs a spider has, the number of joints in a finger, or the shape of an animals horns are all strongly
influenced by ________ genes.
A) haploid
B) introns within
C) heterotic
D) heterogeneous
E) Hox
18) Organisms showing radial symmetry would likely
A) be aggressive predators
B) have a lengthy digestive tract
C) move from place to place relatively slowly, if at all.
D) be able to fly.
E) be sponges
19) Cephalization is primarily associated with
A) adaptation to damp environments.
B) length of reproductive cycle.
C) diploblastic organisms.
D) type of digestive system.
E) bilateral symmetry.
20) Gastrulation results in the formation of the ______.
A) Mesoderm
B) Blastocoel
C) Archenteron
D) A & C only
E) All of the above
21) Which of the following is descriptive of protostomes?
A) spiral and indeterminate cleavage, blastopore becomes mouth
B) spiral and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes mouth
C) spiral and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes anus
D) radial and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes anus
E) radial and determinate cleavage, blastopore becomes mouth
22) Which of the following functions is an advantage of a fluid-filled body cavity?
A) Internal organs are cushioned and protected from injury.
B) Organs can grow and move independently of the outer body wall.
C) The cavity acts as a hydrostatic skeleton.
D) A and C only
E) A, B, and C
23) During which era did the greatest radiation of mammals occur?
A) Mesozoic
B) Paleozoic
C) Cenozoic
D) Neoproterozoic
E) Precambrian
24) Which of the following subdivisions of the animal kingdom encompasses all the others in the list?
A) Protostomia
B) Bilateria
C) Radiata
D) Eumetazoa
E) Deuterostomia
25) Some cnidarians go through both a motile and a sessile (attached) stage during their life cycle. The attached stage is
called a(n) _____.
A) Medusa
B) Polyp
C) Embryo
D) Medusa
E) Larva
26) Which of the following is true about the phylum Cnidaria?
A) The bodies of its members are organized around a gastrovascular cavity
B) All cnidarians except coral are in the medusa stage
C) The phylum has more species than any other phylum
D) The bodies of cnidarians show bilateral symmetry and cephalization
E) All of the above are correct
27) What are the cells in a sponge that are primarily responsible for trapping food particles from circulating water?
A) amoebocytes
B) choanocytes
C) mesohyl cells
D) porocytes
E) epidermal cells
28) Tapeworms are highly specialized worms that make their living as endoparasites. To which of the following phyla do the
tapeworms belong?
A) Arthrapoda
B) Nematoda
C) Platyhelminthes
D) mollusca
E) annelida
29) Which class of molluscs undergo the process of embryonic torsion?
A) Polyplacophora
B) Bivalvia
C) Cephalopoda
D) Gastropoda
E) All of the above
30) Which of the following groups has a true coelom, a lophophore, and no distinct head?
A) Flatworms
B) Tapeworms
C) Rotifers
D) Ectoprocts
E) Sponges
31) Animals such as _____ are the simplest animals to have _____.
A) Flatworms…a body cavity
B) Jellies…a complete digestive tract
C) Snails…a body cavity
D) Sponges…bilateral symmetry
E) Roundworms…a complete digestive tract
32) Which of the following statements about the phylum Echinodermata is true?
A) Many species possess an internal calcareous skeleton and spiny dermal projections.
B) One of the classes in this phylum is Asteroidea, the sea stars.
C) All possess a water vascular system, which permits movements via tube feet.
D) Larval forms show evidence of bilateral symmetry, which is mostly lost in the adult form.
E) All of the above are correct.
33) Complete metamorphosis _____.
A) Is accompanied by a complete rearrangement of the genome
B) Does not occur in wasps, bees, or ants
C) Is the same as molting
D) Features a larval stage that is different from the adult
E) B & D
34) The arthropods superficially resemble earthworms in that both groups _____, yet the two are distinctly different because
arthropods, but not earthworms, _____.
A) have prominently segmented bodies ... have jointed appendages
B) are acoelomates ... are segmented
C) have closed circulatory systems ... have bristles
D) have a true coelom ... have an anus
E) are cephalized and bilaterally symmetrical ... have true organs
35) An unidentified species of animal displays the following characteristics: bilateral symmetry, a complete digestive system,
an open circulatory system, distinct body segmentation, and it molts when it grows. To which one of the following animal
phyla does this species most likely, belong.
A) Nematoda
B) Annelida
C) Platyhelminthes
D) Arthropoda
E) Cnidaria
36) The _______ was an adaptation that freed vertebrates from water for reproduction and allowed them to move into diverse
terrestrial environments.
A) Placenta
B) Lateral Swim Line
C) Amniotic egg
D) Lateral swim line
E) Operculum
37) Which of these are characteristics of all chordates during at least a portion of their development?
A) a dorsal, hollow nerve cord
B) pharyngeal clefts
C) Cephalization
D) A and B only
E) A, B, and C
38) Which is a distinctive feature of the chondrichthyans?
A) an amniotic egg
B) a swim bladder
C) book lungs
D) a cartilaginous endoskeleton
E) lack of jaws
39) Primates are distinguished from other mammals by
A) Fur, claws, small litters,
B) Opposable thumbs, nails, and good depth perception
C) Stereoscopic vision, mammary glands, single births
D) Long tails used for balance, stereoscopic vision, opposable thumbs
E) Cephalization, jointed limbs, amniotic eggs.
40) Which of the following characteristics is NOT shared by extant birds and extant reptiles?
A) Amniotic eggs
B) Vertebrae
C) Pharyngeal clefts in the embryo
D) Endothermic metabolism
E) Scales containing keratin
41) All mammals _____.
A) complete their embryonic development in the uterus
B) nourish their offspring through mammary glands
C) bear live young
D) All of the listed responses are correct.
E) None of the listed responses is correct.
42) What was the earliest hominid to have an enlarged brain (relative to body size)?
A) Ardipithecus
B) Homo habilis
C) Homo erectus
D) Australopithecus
E) Homo neanderthalensis
43) _____ arose very early in hominid evolution; _____ evolved more recently.
A) Upright posture ... forward-looking eyes
B) Large brains ... upright posture
C) Upright posture ... large brains
D) Large brains ... prominent brow ridges
E) None of the listed responses is correct.
44) Differentiation of teeth is seen most in…
A) sharks.
B) birds
C) bony-fish
D) reptiles.
E) mammals.
45) Which of the following is not an amniote?
A) placental mammals
B) non-avian reptiles
C) avian reptiles
D) egg-laying mammals
E) amphibians
46) The opossum is an example of a(n) _____ mammal.
A) Eutharian
B) Oviparous
C) Marsupial
D) Monotreme
E) Placental
47) Vertebrates and tunicates share
A) a high degree of cephalization.
B) jaws adapted for feeding.
C) a notochord and a dorsal, hollow nerve cord.
D) an endoskeleton that includes a skull.
48) Living vertebrates can be divided into two major clades. Select the appropriate pair
A) the chordates and the tetrapods
B) the cyclostomes and the
gnathostomes
C) the urochordates and the
cephalochordates
D) the marsupials and the eutherians
49) Unlike eutherians, both monotremes and marsupials
A) are found in Australia and Africa.
B) lay eggs.
C) lack nipples.
D) have some embryonic development outside the uterus.
50) Which clade does not include humans?
A) synapsids
B) lobe-fins
C) diapsids
D) osteichthyans
51) As hominins diverged from other primates, which of the following appeared first?
A) bipedal locomotion
B) reduced jawbones
C) an enlarged brain
D) the making of stone tools
52) Which of the following could be considered the most recent common ancestor of living tetrapods?
A) an armored, jawed placoderm with two pairs of appendages
B) a salamander that had legs supported by a bony skeleton but moved with the side-to-side bending typical of fishes
C) an early ray-finned fish that developed bony skeletal supports in its paired fins
D) a sturdy-finned, shallow-water lobe-fin whose appendages had skeletal supports similar to those of terrestrial vertebrates
53) Some sharks are viviparous, which means that __________.
A) The embryo develops within the uterus and is nourished through a yolk
sac placenta from the mother’s blood
B) they have a tendency toward multiple births
C) they have a tendency toward single births
D) The embryo develops within the uterus and is nourished by the egg
yolk
E) Eggs hatch outside the mother’s body