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Written Outline Music 497c Rachel Kauffman Camille Saint-Saëns Sonata for Clarinet and Piano I. Allegretto Brief Biography October 9, 1835-December 16, 1921 French Romantic Era Composer, pianist, organist, & conductor Famous works include The Carnival of the Animals and Symphony No. 3 (“organ symphony”) Intended to compose sonata for all wind instruments but only completed works for oboe, bassoon, and clarinet Clarinet Sonata 1921 B-flat clarinet and piano 4 movements: Allegretto, Allegro animato, Lento, Molto allegro Segue between third and fourth movements Harmonic Structure E-flat major: m. 1-26 C minor: m. 26-33 F minor: m. 34-37 C-flat major: m. 28-45 A-flat major: m. 46-52 E-flat major: m. 53-end; plagal cadence (“Amen”) IV-I Written Outline Music 497c Rachel Kauffman Rondo Form (see attached) A B A Typically, rondo form occurs in the fourth movement of a sonata but Saint-Saëns does it in the first movement of this piece. Performance The majority if the movement is in 12/8 with a brief four measures of 9/8 The clarinet seems to have fluidity throughout the movement, somber and reflective. The piano connects with the clarinet until the B-section where SaintSaëns begins moving to various keys; the clarinet and piano do not agree on same key at certain points, tension, until Saint-Saëns returns to original key, E-flat major, in the return of the A-section. Range of clarinet: Saint-Saëns uses the majority of the range of the clarinet in this piece (and throughout the entire sonata), especially in the B-section. It is crucial for the player to be very solid on embouchure to control the tone when extending across the range of the instrument. In my personal opinion as a clarinetist, there are few technical challenges within this movement. The challenge lies in conveying the emotional context of SaintSaëns coming to terns with his impending death.