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Unit Testing
Testing with Spring Boot
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Table of Contents
1. Unit Testing
Repository Layer


Entities (Recap)

Repositories

Service Layer

Web Layer

Controllers
2
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3
Unit Testing
4
What are Unit Tests?
 individual units of source code are tested to determine whether
they are work as intended.
Test System
Test Modules
Test Methods
System
Testing
Integration
Testing
Unit Testing
5
Why to Test?
 More reliable code – due to less bugs
 Faster development – no need to constantly debug
 Better maintenance – because of a constant code care
 Clearer code – code modularity is required to write tests
 Cheaper – bugs in production cost more
6
Cost in Different Phases
7
Spring Unit Testing
 JUnit — The de-facto standard for unit testing Java applications.
 Spring Test & Spring Boot Test — Utilities and integration test support for Spring Boot applications.
 AssertJ — A fluent assertion library.
 Hamcrest — A library of matcher objects (also known as constraints or predicates).
 Mockito — A Java mocking framework.
 JSONassert — An assertion library for JSON.
 JsonPath — XPath for JSON.
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
8
Entity Testing
9
Problem 1
User.java
@Entity
public abstract class User implements UserDetails {
public void addRole(Role role){
this.getAuthorities().add(role);
}
How to test?
}
10
Entity Test (1)
UserTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class UserTest {
Spring Boot
Test Utilities
private User user;
@Mock
private Role role;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
//Arrange
this.user = new BasicUser();
when(this.role.getAuthority()).thenReturn("ROLE_USER");
}
…
}
11
Entity Test (2)
UserTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class UserTest {
@Test
public void addRoleWhenRoleExists_ShouldAddRole() throws Exception {
//Act
this.user.addRole(this.role);
//Assert
Role role = this.user.getAuthorities().iterator().next();
assertEquals(role.getAuthority(), "ROLE_USER");
}
}
12
Repository Testing
13
Problem 2
BikeRepository.java
@Repository
public interface BikeRepository extends JpaRepository<Bike, Long> {
@Query(value = "SELECT b FROM Bike AS b")
List<Bike> findAll();
How to test?
}
14
Repository Test
Spring Boot
Test Utilities
BikeRepositoryTest.java
JPA Test
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = NONE)
public class BikeRepositoryTest {
Use Standard Database
@Autowired
private TestEntityManager testEntityManager;
@Autowired
private BikeRepository bikeRepository;
Repository Alternative
@Test
public void findAllShouldReturnCorrectSizeList() throws Exception {
int listSize = 5;
for (int i = 0; i < listSize; i++) {
this.testEntityManager.persist(new Bike());
}
List<Bike> bikes = this.bikeRepository.findAll();
assertEquals(listSize,bikes.size());
}
}
15
Repository Test Database
BikeRepositoryTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = NONE)
public class BikeRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private TestEntityManager testEntityManager;
}
Test in in-memory
database
Should we test in
production database?
MySQL
HSQL
16
In-Memory Databases (1)
application.properties
spring.profiles.active=dev
application-dev.properties
#Dev Data Source Properties
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/social_de
mo?useSSL=false&createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234
17
In-Memory Databases (2)
application-test.properties
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop
spring.jpa.database=HSQL
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.diale
ct.HSQLDialect
spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:hsqldb:mem:social
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
18
In-Memory Databases (3)
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
19
In-Memory Databases (4)
BikeRepositoryTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
Test Profile
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class BikeRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private TestEntityManager testEntityManager;
}
20
Exercise: Test User and Bike
Repository
21
Service Testing
22
Problem 3
BikeService.java
public interface BikeService {
BikeViewModel findById(long id);
List<BikeViewModel> findAll();
How to test?
Page<BikeViewModel> findAll(Pageable pageable);
}
23
Service Testing (1)
BikeService.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class BikeServiceTest {
Inject in Service
@Autowired
private ModelMapper modelMapper;
@MockBean
private BikeRepository bikeRepository;
@Autowired
private BikeService bikeService;
Mock a Bean
Autowire Service
24
Service Testing (2)
BikeService.java
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
Bike bike = new Bike();
bike.setId(1);
bike.setModel("BMX");
when(bikeRepository.findOne(1L)).thenReturn(bike);
}
@Test
public void wheUserIdIsProvided_ShouldReturnCorrectModel() throws Exception {
BikeViewModel bikeViewModel = this.bikeService.findById(1);
assertEquals(bikeViewModel.getModel(),"BMX");
}
}
25
Exercise: SocialUser Service
26
Web Layer Testing
27
Problem 4
BikeService.java
@GetMapping("/bikes/show/{id}")
public String showBike(Model model, @PathVariable long id){
BikeViewModel bikeViewModel = this.bikeService.findById(id);
model.addAttribute("bike", bikeViewModel);
How to test?
return "bike-show";
}
28
Disable Security for Tests
application-test.properties
…
security.basic.enabled=false
Disable Security?
29
Controller Testing (1)
BikeControllerTest.java
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(BikeController.class)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@EnableSpringDataWebSupport
public class BikeControllerTest {
Controller Test
Pagination Support
(Optional)
@Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
@MockBean
private BikeService bikeService;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
BikeViewModel bike = new BikeViewModel();
bike.setId(1);
bike.setModel("BMX");
when(bikeService.findById(1)).thenReturn(bike);
}
30
Controller Testing (2)
BikeControllerTest.java
@Test
public void showBikeWhenBikeExists_ShouldReturnViewAndModel() throws Exception {
this.mvc.perform(
get("/bikes/show/1"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(view().name("bike-show"))
.andExpect(model().attribute("bike", hasProperty("id", is(1L))))
.andExpect(model().attribute("bike", hasProperty("model", is("BMX"))))
.andExpect(model().attribute("bike", hasProperty("gears", is(24))));
}
HTTP Status
View Test
Model Test
31
Controller Testing Exception Handling
BikeControllerTest.java
@Test
public void showBikeWhenBikeNotExists_ShouldReturnNotFound() throws Exception {
this.mvc.perform(get("/bikes/show/2"))
.andExpect(status().is4xxClientError())
.andExpect(view().name("exceptions/bike-not-found"));
}
}
HTTP Status
View Test
32
Summary
 Unit Testing – critical part of the development
process that ensures our application works as
expected
33
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License
 This course (slides, examples, demos, videos, homework, etc.)
is licensed under the "Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International" license
35
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