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1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
Characteristics of Muscles
Contractibility
Excitability
Extensibility
Elasticity
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
2
Characteristics of Muscles
CONTRACTIBILITY-
Muscle is able to be
Shorten.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
3
Characteristics of Muscles
Contractibility
Myoneural stimulation
+
contraction of muscle proteins
=
movement and heat
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
4
Characteristics of Muscles
Contractibility
Neurotransmitter at site of
muscle stimulus.
The sodium-potassium
pump of the membrane of a
muscle cell.
The purpose of this slide is to illustrate
the complexity of the process of
movement.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
5
Characteristics of Muscles
EXCITABILITY-
Irritability, impulse, direct or
indirect, physical stimulation
or nerve.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
6
Characteristics of Muscles
EXTENSIBILITY-muscle can be
extended. Increase in angle between
bones. Muscle is pulled upon.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
7
Characteristics of Muscles
ELASTICITY-Returning
to original size/shape after
Stretching.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
8
Muscle Tone
Discuss muscle tone.
• Atrophy:
a- _absent__ -trophy __tone_
• Hypertrophy:
hyper- _______ -trophy ________
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
9
Muscle Tone
John just got a cast off his
leg. His calf muscle on the
affected leg is 1” smaller
in diameter than his other
calf muscle.
• What happened?
• How do you explain this
to him?
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
10
Muscle Tone
Exercise & Training
What are the
advantages of
exercise?
Are there any
disadvantages of
exercise?
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
11
Muscle Fatigue
MUSCLE FATIGUE:
What causes it? Metabolic processbody's inc need for O2/energy/build up of lactic acid
causes cramping.
How does the body correct muscle fatigue? Breathing
increases….goes from aerobic demand to anaerobic
demand.
Is muscle fatigue dangerous? Why / why not?
Yes and no
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
12
Functions of the
Muscular System
1. Movement
2. Posture
3. Body Heat
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
13
Movement:
Skeletal Muscle
• Receptors in muscles provide the brain with
information about body position and movement.
• The brain controls the contraction of skeletal muscle.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
14
Movement
Mechanism of skeletal muscle
movement to include:
Point of origin-muscle attached
to the stationary bone.
Point of insertion- muscle
attached to moving bone.
Prime mover - Muscles that
work in groups or by
themselves.
Antagonist-muscles cause
movement in opposite direction.
Synergists-these muscles assist
the prime mover muscles.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
15
Movement:
Digestive System
The nervous system regulates the speed at which food
moves through the digestive tract.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
16
Movement:
Circulatory System
Heartbeat
The nervous system and hormones regulate the speed
at which the heart beats.
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
17
Posture
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
18
Body Heat
What is the body’s response to cold? Why?
How is this response helpful?
How does the body respond to exercise? Why?
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
19
Myopathy
Myo-pathy
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
20
Fibromyalgia
Discuss the pictures and how they relate to
fibromyalgia.
Cause
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
21
Hernia
Discuss hernias.
Causes
Locations
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
22
Muscle Spasms
(Involuntary hypertonicity)
Discuss muscle spasms.
Causes
Locations
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
23
Muscular Dystrophy
• Discuss the picture and how it relates to
muscular dystrophy.
Cause
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
24
Myasthenia Gravis
Discuss the picture and how it relates to
myasthenia gravis.
Cause
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
25
Strain
•
•
•
•
What happened here?
What symptoms is this man having? Why?
How will he treat them?
What is his prognosis?
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
26
Tendonitis
Discuss the pictures and how they relate to
tendonitis.
Cause
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
27
Tetanus
Discuss the picture and how it relates to
tetanus.
Cause
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prognosis
1.05 Understand the functions and
disorders of the muscular system
28