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balanced chemical equation balanced forces basaltic base basidium basin batholith beach behavior benthos beta particle bias big bang theory bilateral symmetry binary compound binomial nomenclature biogenesis biological vector biomass energy chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. forces on a object that combine to give a zero net force and do not change the motion of the object. describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica. substance with a pH above 7. club-shaped, reproductive structure in which club fungi produce spores. low area on Earth in which an ocean formed when the area filled with water from torrential rains. largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms when magma being forced upward toward Earth’s crust cools slowly and solidifies underground. deposit of sediment whose materials vary in size, color, and composition and is most commonly found on a smooth, gently sloped shoreline. the way in which an organism interacts with other organisms and its environment; can be innate or learned. marine plants and animals that live on or in the ocean floor. electron that is emitted from a decaying atomic nucleus. occurs when a scientist’s expectations change how the results of an experiment are viewed. states that about 13.7 billion years ago, the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion. body parts arranged in a similar way on both sides of the body, with each half being nearly a mirror image of the other half. compound that is composed of two elements. two-word naming system that gives all organisms their scientific name. theory that living things come only from other living things. disease-carrying organism, such as a rat, mosquito, or fly, that spreads infectious disease. renewable energy derived from burning biomass biomes biosphere biotic black hole bladder boiling point brain stem breaker bronchi budding buffer buoyancy organic materials such as wood and alcohol. renewable organic matter from plants and animals, such as wood and animal manure, that can be burned to provide heat. large geographic areas with similar climates and ecosystems; includes tundra, taiga, desert, temperate deciduous forest, temperate rain forest, tropical rain forest, and grassland. part of Earth that supports life, including the top portion of Earth’s crust, the atmosphere, and all the water on Earth’s surface. features of the environment that are alive or were once alive. final stage in the evolution of a very massive star, where the core’s mass collapses to a point that it’s gravity is so strong that not even light can escape. elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body through the urethra. the temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid. connects the brain to the spinal cord and is made up of the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. collapsing ocean wave that forms in shallow water and breaks onto the shore. two short tubes that branch off the lower end of the trachea and carry air into the lungs. form of asexual reproduction in which a new, genetically-identical organism forms on the side of its parent. solution containing ions that react with added acids or bases and minimize their effects on pH. ability of a fluid—a liquid or a gas—to exert an upward force on an object immersed in the fluid.