Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download UPPER LIMB TRAUMA
Transcript
UPPER LIMB TRAUMA Objectives • • • At the end of the lecture ,students will be able to: To understand the common mechanism of upper limb injuries. To learn about common problems in upper limb due to injury To know how to prevent further injury Limb Trauma • • • • Fractures, subluxation and dislocation Sprain and strains Nerve injuries Peripheral haemorrhage. Mechanism of Limb Injuries • • • • • • Fall on outstretch hand. Fall on other body parts. Self defence and Offence. Gunshot Injuries and RTAs. Sports Injuries. Machine injuries Musculoskeletal Injuries • Can result from: • Direct trauma • Blunt force applied to an extremity • Indirect trauma • A fall on outstretch hand, that produces a fracture distant from the site of impact • Pathologic conditions • Leading to weak bones. • • • Fractures A break in the continuity of a bone or cartilage May be complete or incomplete, May be classified as open or closed, depending on the integrity of the skin near the fracture site. Sprains • A tearing of a ligament caused by sudden twisting or stretching of a joint beyond its normal range of motion • Two common areas for sprains are shoulder and wrist. Strains • An injury to the muscle or its tendon from overexertion or overextension • Commonly occur in the back and arms Joint Dislocations • Occur when the normal articulating ends of two or more bones are displaced • Dislocation - a complete disruption. • Subluxation – a partial disruption. Fracture Clavicle Dislocation of the Shoulder Fracture Shaft Humerus Posterior Dislocation of the Elbow Joint With Marked Deformity Fracture Olecranon Fracture Radial head Montegia Fracture, Fracture Ulna and dislocation Superior radio ulnar joint Fracture Mid Shaft Radius and Ulna (Greenstick) Bennetts Fracture • Fracture dislocation of thumb matacarpal/carpal joint • Follows forced extension of thumb • The Scaphoid • • • • • • Clinical diagnosis initially Typical mechanism Tender anatomical snuffbox or anterior scaphoid Initial X-Ray may be normal Follow up in 10 days If missed may undergo avascular necrosis FRACTURE LOWER END OF RADIUS
