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Transcript
Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Carin Miranda Smyrna Middle Winter 2010 Stars • Stars are made up of gases. • When different stars are different colors it means they have a different temperature. • Blue-hottest • Red-coolest Stars • The sun is a main sequence star. • A star begins as a ball of gas and dust pulled together by gravity. Classifying Stars Class O B A F G K M Color Blue Blue-White Blue-White Yellow-White Yellow Orange Red Temperature Above 30,000 10,000-30,000 7,500-10,000 6,000-7,500 5,000-6,000 3,500-5,000 Less than 3,500 Sequence of Star’s Life • Main SequenceRed GiantWhite Dwarf • The H-R diagram shows the relationship of a star’s surface temperature and its absolute magnitude. • A white dwarf is is a star that has used up all of its hydrogen and is the leftover center of an older star. • Class F stars are yellow-white • The majority of stars in our galaxy are main sequence stars. Galaxies • Scientist study distant galaxies because it takes a long time for light to travel through space and to learn what early galaxies looked like. • Edwin Hubble has identified three major types of galaxies: – Spiral (our Milky way) – Elliptical – Irregular Formation of the Universe • According to the big bang theory, the universe is about 13.7 billion years old. • According to the big bang theory, cosmic background radiation filled the universe after the original explosion. Formation of the Universe • The universe is expanding outward. • Scientists think that the universe will expand forever.
