Download How are worms different?

How are worms
different?
ALL WORMS are:
INVERTEBRATES (no backbone)
PROTOSTOMES (blastopore mouth)
COELOM TYPES:
Flatworms = acoelomates
Round worms = Pseudocoelomates
Segmented worms = coelomates
ROUND WORMS
“NEMATODES”
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Ascaris
Trichinella
Hookworms
Pinworms
Filarial worms
ROUND WORMS
“NEMATODES”
Both Free living and Parasitic
Covered with CUTICLE (non-cellular)
for protection
DIGESTIVE
Complex digestive system with
2 openings more like earthworm
NERVOUS
Cerebral ganglia and 2 nerve cords
OPEN circulatory system like FLATWORMS
EXCRETORY:
2 long excretory tubules run down sides but
NO flame cells
RESPIRATORY:
Exchange gases through skin
ROUND WORMS
“NEMATODES”
REPRODUCTIVE
Separate sexes
Females larger in size
Only need 1 host to
complete life cycle
ROUND WORMS
Ex: Ascaris
• Digestive system - Complex with 2 openings
• Excretory- 2 long excretory canals run down sides LIKE
FLATWORMS but no flame cells
• Open circulation like flatworms
• Respiration- exchange gases through skin
• CephalizationCerebral ganglia with 2 nerve cords
• Sexual reproduction with separate sexesmale and female / only need 1 host
• No eyes spots
• CUTICLE- for protection from host digestive juices and
immune system
SEGMENTED WORMS
“Annelids”
Only worms that are
True COELOMATES
CUTICLE covers
body for protection
SEGMENTED WORMS
“Annelids”
DIGESTIVE
digestive system with 2 openings
EXCRETORY
NEPHRIDIAremove water/nitrogen waste
RESPIRATORY
Exchange gases through skin
SEGMENTED WORMS
“Annelids”
REPRODUCTIVE
• Hermaphroditesexchange sperm with partner
• Lay eggs in mucous sac left on ground
SEGMENTED WORMS
(LEECHES)
Parasitic
2 suckers (anterior and Posterior)
SEGMENTED WORMS
Earthworms & Leeches
• Cephalizationcerebral ganglia with 1 ventral nerve cord
• Closed circulatory system
• Nephridia excrete nitrogen waste and regulate water
• Complex digestive system with 2 openings
• CUTICLE- for protection
• Hermaphrodites- Sexual reproduction with a partner
• Most free living
• Leeches only parasitic group/have 2 suckers
WORMS WITH HUMAN HOSTS
FLATWORMS
FLUKES
EX: BLOOD FLUKE (Schistosoma)
TAPEWORMS
EX: BEEF TAPEWORM
ROUND WORMS
INTESTINAL ROUND WORMS
EX: Ascaris
EX: Trichinella
HOOKWORMS
PINWORMS
FILARIAL WORMS
SEGMENTED WORMS
LEECHES
FLATWORMS
“Platyhelminthes”
BLOOD FLUKE (Schistosoma) –
live in blood vessels
eggs leave in feces
2 hosts - Adults live in humans/larvae live in snails
larvae enter by burrowing through skin
BEEF TAPEWORM –
live in intestine
PROGLOTTIDS leave in feces
2 hosts –
COW intermediate host where larva make cysts
enter by eating meat with cysts containing larvae
ROUND WORMS
“NEMATODES”
Ascaris –
live in intestines
eggs leave in feces
enter by contaminated food/water
Trichinella – enter by eating meat with cysts
live in intestine
eggs leave in feces
Pork intermediate host where larva make cysts
Causes Trichinosis
ROUND WORMS
“NEMATODES”
Hook worms –
live in intestine
eggs leave in feces
larvae burrow into feet
Pinworms – Most common in U.S.A.
live in lower digestive system
females migrate out at night to lay eggs on skin
infected by ingesting eggs
ROUND WORMS
“NEMATODES”
ELEPHANTIASIS
• worms live in lymph system
• blockage causes limbs to swell
• Larvae transmitted by mosquitoes
Dog heartworm is also
a filarial worm
SEGMENTED WORMS
“Annelida”
LEECHES
Live on outside of host’s body
Attach and suck blood