Download The Elbow

The Elbow
Chapter 11
Shark!
Elbow Anatomy
Ø  Diarthrodial
l 
joint
Hinge joint
•  Allows flexion and
extension
Elbow ROM
Ø  Flexion
Ø  Extension
Ø  Rotation:
l 
l 
Pronation
Supination
Bones of the Elbow
Ø  Bones
l 
l 
l 
Radius
Ulna: olecranon
Humerus: lateral/medial epicondyles and olecranon
fossa
Ligaments of the Elbow
Ø 
Joint Capsule
l 
Ø 
Ulnar collateral ligament
l 
Ø 
connects ulna to humerus
Radial collateral ligament
l 
Ø 
surrounds entire joint
connects radius to
humerus
Annular ligament
l 
connects radius to
ulna >> allows rotation
Muscles
Ø  Wrist
l 
l 
attach at medial
epicondyle
Flexes wrist
Ø  Wrist
l 
l 
flexers
extensors
attach at lateral
epicondyle
Extends wrist
Muscles
Ø  Biceps
l 
l 
attaches to radius
Flexes elbow
Ø  Triceps
l 
l 
attaches to ulna
Extends elbow
Injury Occurrence
Ø  Elbow
not commonly
injured
Ø  See
with repetitive
movements
l 
Throwing
Ø  May
become an
overuse injury
l 
l 
Muscle/ligaments start
to break down
Usually due to poor
mechanics.
Injury Prevention
Ø  Stretch
l 
and strengthen all musculature
Including arms and shoulders
Ø  Correct
l 
mechanics of movement
Baseball throw, Golf swing
Ø  Analyze
Ø  Modify
l 
sports equipment
activity
Give breaks or lessen repetitions of play
Elbow Injuries
Ø  Sprains
Ø  Epicondylitis
Ø  Bursitis
Ø  Dislocation
Ø  Hyperextension
Mechanism of Injury
Ø  Falling
on an
outstretched arm
Ø  Overuse
through
repetitive movements
Ulnar Collateral Lig. Sprain
Ø  Mech:
l 
l 
Repetitive throwing
Blow to lateral side of
arm while bearing
weight
Lateral Epicondylitis
Ø  “Tennis
l 
elbow”
see in racquet sports
Ø  The
wrist extensor
tendons at the lateral
epicondyle become
inflammed.
Ø  Mech: poor swing
mechanics
Medial Epicondylitis
league elbow” or
Golfer’s Elbow
Ø  “Little
l 
BB, SB, Golf
Ø  Wrist
flexors at the
medial epicondyle
become inflammed
Ø  Mech: poor mechanics
l 
l 
Throw
Golf swing
Treatment of Epicondylitis
Ø  Rest,
ice, meds
Ø  Estim,
US
Ø  Stretch/strength
program
Ø  Fix
poor mechanics
Ø  Bracing
Olecranon Bursitis
Ø  Mech: Fall on tip of
elbow
Ø  Sx: Large amounts of
swelling
Ø  Tx:
l 
l 
l 
Ice
Compression wrap
Dr. if chronic problem
Olecranon Bursitis
Dumb Driver
Elbow Dislocation
Ø  One
of the most
commonly dislocated
joint.
Ø  Mech:
l 
l 
Hyperextension of
elbow
Severe impact to
lateral elbow
Ø  Dislocates
posteriorly
X-ray of Dislocated Elbow
Elbow Dislocation
Ø  Post
reduction
Hyperextension Injury
Ø  The
l 
l 
l 
following may occur:
Sprain to ligaments (mainly joint capsule)
Strain to bicep muscle
Bone contusion to olecranon or humerus
Ø  Tx:
l 
l 
PRICE, Dr. if needed
Tape
Any Questions?