Download Bacteria - Richard Goodman

Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
2. They can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
•
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
2. They can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
•
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
2. ?????hey can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
How TOUGH are you?
Could you survive in the antarctic?
How about NEGATIVE 89.2 degrees
Celsius BELOW ZERO?
urp…that’s
cold.
Ancient bacteria living in frozen glaciers!
 The coldest temperature recorded on Earth was recorded
at Vostok Station in Russia. With the help of radar, in 1996, a vast
sub-glacial lake was discovered nearby.
 The ice core samples have proven valuable, and have resulted in the
discovery of bacteria that are 400,000 years old.
Could you survive undersea
without a major underwater
submersible?
How about under tremendous pressure at the
bottom of an abyss in total darkness
surrounded by toxic gas?
How about under tremendous pressure at the
bottom of an abyss in total darkness
surrounded by toxic gas?
Cyanobacteria live in all types of water
conditions--polluted & otherwise.
They are the smallest
phytoplankton.
Chemosynthetic bacteria live under great
cold & pressure in toxic gas!
Recently discovered in 1977, hydrothermal vents, also
known as "black smokers", revolutionized our
understanding of life. Until the discovery of these
vent systems, all known ecosystems on Earth had
photosynthetic organisms at the base of their food chain.
However, this particular type of ecosystem is dependent
on chemosynthetic bacteria that generate energy
from hydrogen sulfide, the chemical responsible
for the smell of rotten eggs.
These chemotrophic (chemical eating) bacteria exist in
symbiotic relationships with other members of the
ecosystem including mussels and 8 foot long
tubeworms.
Could you live in a cave?
How about a cave in total darkness with
acid dripping on your head?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wLNQ4sBuE
snottites…
Snottite bacteria live in total
darkness in acid caves…
They are found hanging from the walls and ceilings of toxic sulphur
caves (most notably Cueva de Villa Luz in Tabasco, Mexico).
Show exerpt from ORIGINS that show
snottites…
How about living in a BOILING HOT
CHEMICAL SOUP??
These yellow bacteria live in boiling hot
chemical soups!
 This vast bacterial mat is found in regions around hot springs
such as the Grand Prismatic Springs. There are more bacteria
alive in one inch of this bacterial mat than there are humans
in existence.
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
•
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
2. They can live in EXTREME conditions!
hey can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
•
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
2. They can live in EXTREME conditions!
hey can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
Remember that there are millions
of species of bacteria!
Fossils
Stromatolites are structures created by
photosynthetic bacteria (prokaryotes). These
rounded, bulbous shapes are usually less than 1
meter across and contain fine layering.
Photosynthetic bacteria live on thin mats in shallow
water. As they become covered in clay and particles,
these bacteria move upwards toward the light they
require. This movement leaves behind dead layers,
much in the same way that trees leave behind inner
wood as they grow. Stromatolites are recognizable
because of the “tree ring” structure that records the
movement of bacteria.
The earliest known fossils of stromatolites are dated
at 3.45 Ga, and come from Western Australia.
Ironically, the highly-saline bays of Western Australia
are one of the few places in the world today where
living stromatolites exist.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvZBjt_O5
8I
Stromatolites…bacteria that have been
around BILLIONS of years!
Stromatolites…bacteria that have been
around BILLIONS of years!
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
•
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
2. They can live in EXTREME conditions!
• So many species, here billions of years!
• They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE!
hey can survive almosthttp://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
anything!
yote.html
.
Bacteria are the most successful &
primitive life on our planet…maybe
Mars?
They’ve existed on Earth for billions of years!
http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/01/21/gi
ant-mars-crater-shows-evidence-lake-life/
What do bacteria and plant cells have in
common that our animal cells don’t?
What do bacteria and plant cells have
that animal cells don’t?
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
•
2. They can live in EXTREME conditions!
• So many species, here billions of years!
• They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE.
•
even some with protective CELL WALLS similar to plants
hey can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
.
Bacteria BY FAR are the most SUCCESSFUL
life on our planet…
They’ve been on Earth for BILLIONS of years!
No WAY we
can stop
them all!!
Why?
So we better learn to LIVE with
bacteria…
Here are just a few names of helpful bacteria species!
Lactobacillus Acidophilus: These are the most friendly bacteria where lactobacillus is the genus name and
acidophilus is the particular strain. They are naturally present in dairy products and also added in dietary
supplements for better results.
Tobacillus Acidophilus: They belong to the genus Lactobacillus and are acid loving bacteria. These beneficial
bacteria, found in buttermilk, yogurt, sour cream and frozen desserts, convert sugar and carbohydrates into lactic
acid and so, are called lactic acid bacteria. By lowering the pH and reducing the risk of growth of other organisms
in the food through this process, they generate the fermented taste. This process is beneficial for people, as it
prevents the gastrointestinal infections.
Cyanocobalamin: These bacteria help in the production of vitamin B12 during the process of digestion.
Probiotics are responsible for the overall digestive health, as they break down the complex components of the
food, so that, they can be easily absorbed in the blood.
Acidophilus Bifidus: Acidophilus Bifidus reduce cholesterol levels and prevent the growth of hostile yeasts like
Candida albicans. The acidophilus bifidus bacteria cleanse the blood stream by removing the toxins. Thus, they
enhance the immune system.
Streptomyces: Streptomyces are used in manufacturing of antibiotics.
Rhizobium: These play an important role in nitrogen fixation.
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
1.
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
1.
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
2. Certain species of bacteria help us _ _ _ _ _ _
1.
_ _ _ _.
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
1.
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
1.
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
3. Certain bacteria create _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for fertilizing soil.
1.
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
3. Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil.
1.
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
3. Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil.
4. Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, &
chemicals!
1.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3925PwVwU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmdwvFKC61
E
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil.
Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, & chemicals!
Certain bacteria is used to purify our water!
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil.
Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, &
chemicals!
Certain bacteria is used to help purify our water!
SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills!
Certain species of bacteria help us digest food!
Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil.
Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, & chemicals!
Certain bacteria is used to help purify our water!
Certain bacteria are great for decomposing dead stuff so life can
begin anew!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0xPt_jCFtU
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS.
•
2. They can live in EXTREME conditions!
• So many species, here billions of years!
• They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE.
•
even some with protective CELL WALLS similar to plants
3. ?????can survive almost anything!
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar
yote.html
Why do you think “simple” prokaryotic
bacteria are so better at survival?
discussion point
Bacteria stayed simple.
 Most life is complex =
eukaryotic cells…
 Primitive simple life =
prokaryotic cells
DNA
What’s easier to maintain?
What’s easier to maintain?
Pedal car?
What’s easier to maintain?
Pedal car?
Ferrari Enzo?
What survives a fall?
What survives a fall?
A beanbag chair?
What survives a fall?
A beanbag chair?
A snowglobe?
Why are bacteria
MOST SUCCESSFUL?
1. They reproduce VERY quickly.
• BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split
•
PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS - NO MITOSIS.
2. They can live in EXTREME conditions!
• So many species, here billions of years!
• They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE.
•
with CELL WALLS like plants
3. They are very SIMPLE organisms
• NO nucleus (PROkaryote),
• NOT many ORGANELLES to breakdowncan survive almost
anything!
Are all these super-surviving bacteria
good or bad?
That depends on whether
the bacteria are helpful
or hurtful.
…harmless or a
contagion/pathogenic!
All this quick reproducing isn’t bad
unless you get a NASTY bacteria!
In fact, quick reproduction is quite useful
in GENETIC ENGINEERING.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3925Pw-VwU
Some NASTY bacteria…
http://www.forbes.com/2006/02/28/cz_mh_02
28worsebugslide.html?thisSpeed=6000
PATHOGENIC/CONTAGION bacteria…
http://www.forbes.com/2006/02/28/cz_mh_02
28worsebugslide.html?thisSpeed=6000
PATHOGENIC bacteria…
• STREP THROAT
PATHOGENIC bacteria…
• STREP THROAT
• STAPH INFECTION
PATHOGENIC bacteria…
• STREP THROAT
• STAPH INFECTION
• SALMONELLA
PATHOGENIC bacteria…
TREP THROAT
TAPH INFECTION
ALMONELLA
 Go to “what’s the difference between viruses and other
microbes?”
What can make a specific type of
bacteria deadly?
What makes pathogenic bacteria so
dangerous today??
1.Some deadly bacteria have
tough CELL WALLS around
them which make them
hard for our white blood
cells to conquer.
2. Some deadly bacteria have
become resistant to our
ANTIBIOTIC medicines
because WE OVERUSE
them.
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=eoK3XcwChW4
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=1MyiVBkPKgo&
feature=fvsr
Some bacteria can eat antibiotics for
LUNCH!
 http://scienceblogs.com/notrocketscience/2008/04/03/su
perbacteria-eat-antibiotics-for-breakfast/
fungi attacking a watermelon…
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S12zZhdOckc
What’s the NEXT biggest living
contagion?
What’s the NEXT biggest living
contagion?
What’s the NEXT biggest living
contagion?
Protists to follow……microscope lab next