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Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. 2. They can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split • PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. 2. They can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split • PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. 2. ?????hey can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html How TOUGH are you? Could you survive in the antarctic? How about NEGATIVE 89.2 degrees Celsius BELOW ZERO? urp…that’s cold. Ancient bacteria living in frozen glaciers! The coldest temperature recorded on Earth was recorded at Vostok Station in Russia. With the help of radar, in 1996, a vast sub-glacial lake was discovered nearby. The ice core samples have proven valuable, and have resulted in the discovery of bacteria that are 400,000 years old. Could you survive undersea without a major underwater submersible? How about under tremendous pressure at the bottom of an abyss in total darkness surrounded by toxic gas? How about under tremendous pressure at the bottom of an abyss in total darkness surrounded by toxic gas? Cyanobacteria live in all types of water conditions--polluted & otherwise. They are the smallest phytoplankton. Chemosynthetic bacteria live under great cold & pressure in toxic gas! Recently discovered in 1977, hydrothermal vents, also known as "black smokers", revolutionized our understanding of life. Until the discovery of these vent systems, all known ecosystems on Earth had photosynthetic organisms at the base of their food chain. However, this particular type of ecosystem is dependent on chemosynthetic bacteria that generate energy from hydrogen sulfide, the chemical responsible for the smell of rotten eggs. These chemotrophic (chemical eating) bacteria exist in symbiotic relationships with other members of the ecosystem including mussels and 8 foot long tubeworms. Could you live in a cave? How about a cave in total darkness with acid dripping on your head? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wLNQ4sBuE snottites… Snottite bacteria live in total darkness in acid caves… They are found hanging from the walls and ceilings of toxic sulphur caves (most notably Cueva de Villa Luz in Tabasco, Mexico). Show exerpt from ORIGINS that show snottites… How about living in a BOILING HOT CHEMICAL SOUP?? These yellow bacteria live in boiling hot chemical soups! This vast bacterial mat is found in regions around hot springs such as the Grand Prismatic Springs. There are more bacteria alive in one inch of this bacterial mat than there are humans in existence. Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split • PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. 2. They can live in EXTREME conditions! hey can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split • PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. 2. They can live in EXTREME conditions! hey can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html Remember that there are millions of species of bacteria! Fossils Stromatolites are structures created by photosynthetic bacteria (prokaryotes). These rounded, bulbous shapes are usually less than 1 meter across and contain fine layering. Photosynthetic bacteria live on thin mats in shallow water. As they become covered in clay and particles, these bacteria move upwards toward the light they require. This movement leaves behind dead layers, much in the same way that trees leave behind inner wood as they grow. Stromatolites are recognizable because of the “tree ring” structure that records the movement of bacteria. The earliest known fossils of stromatolites are dated at 3.45 Ga, and come from Western Australia. Ironically, the highly-saline bays of Western Australia are one of the few places in the world today where living stromatolites exist. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvZBjt_O5 8I Stromatolites…bacteria that have been around BILLIONS of years! Stromatolites…bacteria that have been around BILLIONS of years! Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split • PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. 2. They can live in EXTREME conditions! • So many species, here billions of years! • They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE! hey can survive almosthttp://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar anything! yote.html . Bacteria are the most successful & primitive life on our planet…maybe Mars? They’ve existed on Earth for billions of years! http://www.foxnews.com/science/2013/01/21/gi ant-mars-crater-shows-evidence-lake-life/ What do bacteria and plant cells have in common that our animal cells don’t? What do bacteria and plant cells have that animal cells don’t? Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. • 2. They can live in EXTREME conditions! • So many species, here billions of years! • They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE. • even some with protective CELL WALLS similar to plants hey can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html . Bacteria BY FAR are the most SUCCESSFUL life on our planet… They’ve been on Earth for BILLIONS of years! No WAY we can stop them all!! Why? So we better learn to LIVE with bacteria… Here are just a few names of helpful bacteria species! Lactobacillus Acidophilus: These are the most friendly bacteria where lactobacillus is the genus name and acidophilus is the particular strain. They are naturally present in dairy products and also added in dietary supplements for better results. Tobacillus Acidophilus: They belong to the genus Lactobacillus and are acid loving bacteria. These beneficial bacteria, found in buttermilk, yogurt, sour cream and frozen desserts, convert sugar and carbohydrates into lactic acid and so, are called lactic acid bacteria. By lowering the pH and reducing the risk of growth of other organisms in the food through this process, they generate the fermented taste. This process is beneficial for people, as it prevents the gastrointestinal infections. Cyanocobalamin: These bacteria help in the production of vitamin B12 during the process of digestion. Probiotics are responsible for the overall digestive health, as they break down the complex components of the food, so that, they can be easily absorbed in the blood. Acidophilus Bifidus: Acidophilus Bifidus reduce cholesterol levels and prevent the growth of hostile yeasts like Candida albicans. The acidophilus bifidus bacteria cleanse the blood stream by removing the toxins. Thus, they enhance the immune system. Streptomyces: Streptomyces are used in manufacturing of antibiotics. Rhizobium: These play an important role in nitrogen fixation. SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: 1. Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: 1. Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! 2. Certain species of bacteria help us _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. _ _ _ _. SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! 2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! 1. SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! 2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! 1. SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! 2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! 3. Certain bacteria create _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for fertilizing soil. 1. SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! 2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! 3. Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil. 1. SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! 2. Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! 3. Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil. 4. Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, & chemicals! 1. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3925PwVwU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmdwvFKC61 E SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil. Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, & chemicals! Certain bacteria is used to purify our water! SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil. Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, & chemicals! Certain bacteria is used to help purify our water! SOME GOOD USES for BACTERIA: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Certain bacteria can gobble up oil spills! Certain species of bacteria help us digest food! Certain bacteria create nitrates for fertilizing soil. Certain bacteria help us make medicines, foods, & chemicals! Certain bacteria is used to help purify our water! Certain bacteria are great for decomposing dead stuff so life can begin anew! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0xPt_jCFtU Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS-NO MITOSIS. • 2. They can live in EXTREME conditions! • So many species, here billions of years! • They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE. • even some with protective CELL WALLS similar to plants 3. ?????can survive almost anything! http://www.biology4kids.com/files/micro_prokar yote.html Why do you think “simple” prokaryotic bacteria are so better at survival? discussion point Bacteria stayed simple. Most life is complex = eukaryotic cells… Primitive simple life = prokaryotic cells DNA What’s easier to maintain? What’s easier to maintain? Pedal car? What’s easier to maintain? Pedal car? Ferrari Enzo? What survives a fall? What survives a fall? A beanbag chair? What survives a fall? A beanbag chair? A snowglobe? Why are bacteria MOST SUCCESSFUL? 1. They reproduce VERY quickly. • BINARY FISSION-superfast asexual divide & split • PROkaryote cell means NO NUCLEUS - NO MITOSIS. 2. They can live in EXTREME conditions! • So many species, here billions of years! • They adapted long ago to FIT EVERYWHERE. • with CELL WALLS like plants 3. They are very SIMPLE organisms • NO nucleus (PROkaryote), • NOT many ORGANELLES to breakdowncan survive almost anything! Are all these super-surviving bacteria good or bad? That depends on whether the bacteria are helpful or hurtful. …harmless or a contagion/pathogenic! All this quick reproducing isn’t bad unless you get a NASTY bacteria! In fact, quick reproduction is quite useful in GENETIC ENGINEERING. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3925Pw-VwU Some NASTY bacteria… http://www.forbes.com/2006/02/28/cz_mh_02 28worsebugslide.html?thisSpeed=6000 PATHOGENIC/CONTAGION bacteria… http://www.forbes.com/2006/02/28/cz_mh_02 28worsebugslide.html?thisSpeed=6000 PATHOGENIC bacteria… • STREP THROAT PATHOGENIC bacteria… • STREP THROAT • STAPH INFECTION PATHOGENIC bacteria… • STREP THROAT • STAPH INFECTION • SALMONELLA PATHOGENIC bacteria… TREP THROAT TAPH INFECTION ALMONELLA Go to “what’s the difference between viruses and other microbes?” What can make a specific type of bacteria deadly? What makes pathogenic bacteria so dangerous today?? 1.Some deadly bacteria have tough CELL WALLS around them which make them hard for our white blood cells to conquer. 2. Some deadly bacteria have become resistant to our ANTIBIOTIC medicines because WE OVERUSE them. http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=eoK3XcwChW4 http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=1MyiVBkPKgo& feature=fvsr Some bacteria can eat antibiotics for LUNCH! http://scienceblogs.com/notrocketscience/2008/04/03/su perbacteria-eat-antibiotics-for-breakfast/ fungi attacking a watermelon… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S12zZhdOckc What’s the NEXT biggest living contagion? What’s the NEXT biggest living contagion? What’s the NEXT biggest living contagion? Protists to follow……microscope lab next