Download Mesopotamia *between the rivers

Mesopotamia
“between the rivers”
CIVILIZATION
CAUSE
EFFECT
Farming and
Domestication
Reliable Food Source
Reliable Food Source
Food Surplus
Larger Populations
Permanent Settlements
Food Surplus
Division of labor (artisans)
CIVILIZATION
Location’s
everything
-Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers
- Iraq
• Why is this area
known as the
Fertile Crescent?
Map
Location’s
everything
-Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers
- Iraq
• Why is this area
known as the
Fertile Crescent?
- Rich soil (silt)
Challenges
• What were some of the challenges
man had to deal with in order to
settle this area?
- dry
- flooding of the
Tigris and Euphrates
Rivers
• How did man solve these problems?
- Irrigation and drainage ditches
Who were the people that
made up Mesopotamia?
• 3 groups
-
Assyrians
(Assyria)
- Akkadians
(Akkadia)
- Sumerians
(Sumer)
Sumerian Society
• Cities established by 3,000 B.C.E
• City -states
• What are some
characteristics of
Sumerian cities?
- Walls
• What was the role of the
ziggurat in Sumerian society?
- Store food and crafts
- Place of religious worship for
priests/priestesses
- Symbol of government
- Defensive
towers
- Mud brick
structures
- Ziggurats
Sumerian Society
• Cities established by 3,000 B.C.E
• City -states
• Theocracy
Sumerian Religion
• What type of religion did the
Sumerians practice?
- Polytheistic
• What are some characteristics
of their religion?
- Natural events the result of
gods and goddesses
- Humans inferior
- Gods and goddesses own cities
Sumerian Society
• Cities established by 3,000 B.C.E
• City -states
• Theocracy
• Class system
Gods and Goddesses
Nobles
Royals, priests, priestess
Commoners
Farmers, Merchants, Artisans
Slaves
Divine right
Sumerian Society
• Cities established by 3,000 B.C.E
• City -states
• Theocracy
• Class system
• Creativity
• Writing:
- cuneiform
• Inventions:
- Wagon wheel
- Potter’s wheel
- Sundial
- Arch
- Bronze
- Number system
based on 60
• How did the invention of the wheel
affect society?
- More trade
Sumerian Society
• Cities established by 3,000 B.C.E
• City -states
• Theocracy
• Class system
• Creativity
• Trade
Economy
Import
Export
Copper and tin
Metal goods
Timber
Fish, wool, wheat, barley
From city-states
to empires
Akkadian Empire
(2340 – 2100 B.C.E )
• Sargon takes the
Sumerian city-states
Babylonian Empire
(1792 B.C.E)
• Hammurabi takes
Akkad and Sumer
• codified law
“Code of Hammurabi”
The Code of
Hammurabi
• Principle of retaliation
“eye for an eye”
• Punishment varied
according to social class
• Consumer protection
laws
• Patriarchal