Download Julius Caesar

100 B.C. – 44 B.C.
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Julius Caesar packet
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Their concept of an afterlife is not extremely
pleasant for most people
Shades (manes) in Orcus, Hades, Chaos,
Tartarus, etc.
Shining examples of virtue and valor go to
Elysium (among the Roman authors, only
famous people are here)
Reincarnation possible, not necessarily a
widely held belief
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Concept is less developed
No Elysium (at the time of Homer)
 15As for man, his days are as grass: as a flower
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of the field, so he flourisheth.
16For the wind passeth over it, and it is gone;
and the place thereof shall know it no more.
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17But
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the mercy of the LORD is from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear him,
and his righteousness unto children's children;
18To such as keep his covenant, and to those that remember his commandments to do
them.
19The LORD hath prepared his throne in the heavens; and his kingdom ruleth over all.
Achilles’ choice:
1) Great and famous war hero—die young
OR
2) Live a long and happy life with family but NO
FAME
-Serving as quaestor (provincial
administrator) in Hispania in 69 BC
-Sees a statue of Alexander the Great
-Realizes that by the time he was
30, Alexander had the world at his feet
Alexander conquered all major civilizations of
the near East (356–323 BC)
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No to make it to Elysium
Fama (fame)
Gloria (glory)
Fatum (destiny) to a lesser extent; applies
especially to Aeneas
Living as a part of history/making history with
their lives
Caesar’s view of Alexander
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In vocabulo HOMMO littera ‘m’
______________________________ [is extra].
Verb of caput, potest, oportet, necesse est
Oportet litteram “H” _________________
[delete] in HOCULUS.
Marcus _________________________ [letters]
ad patrem absentem non scribit quia
improbus est.
Charta e papyro ________________________
[is made out of/from].
Magister _________________ [with a pen] in
_____________________ [paper] scribit.
Cera est materia _______________________
[soft].
LItterae Titi et Marci aeque
__________________________ [=foedae]
sunt.
_____________________ [iron] est materia
_________________ [hard].
________________________ sunt bestiolae
quae ceram efficiunt.
_________________________ [such] litterae
sunt difficile legere.
Marcus multa __________________________
[mistakes] facit quia stultus atque impiger
est.
Pastor bonus
Pastorem bonum
Pastoris boni
Pastori bono
Pastore bono
pastores boni
pastores bonos
pastorum bonorum
pastoribus bonis
pastoribus bonis
Materia mollis
Materiam mollem
Materiae mollis
Materiae molli
Materia molli
materiae molles
materias mollas
materiarum mollium
materiis mollibus
materiis mollibus
Talis littera
Talem litteram
Talis litterae
Tali litterae
Tali littera
tales litterae
tales litteras
talium litterarum
talibus litteris
talibus litteris
1st declension: a, charta, epistula, insula,
materia, cera
2nd declension masculine: us/r, magister,
magistrum, magistri, discipulus, calamus
2nd declension neuter: um, mendum, oppidum
3rd declension masc, fem, or neuter
Nominative: ovis, mollis (adj.)
Nominative: mare, rex, mater, pes maris, regis,
matris, pedis,
Materia dura
Etc.
Are the same!
materiae durae
Crassus
Pompey
Julius Caesar
HW: Finish questions about Caesar and the
third triumvirate. Quiz Friday: Julius Caesar
and the Third Triumvirate
You need a notebook out, because we are
going to take notes for about 10-15 min.
The first triumvirate including Crassus, Pompey
the Great, and Caesar is formed
Caesar becomes consul with the support of
Crassus and Pompey
Julia, wife of Pomey and daughter of Caesar
dies, and the bond between the two men
weakens.
Crassus is killed in the East by the Parthians;
third triumvirate weakened
Caesar dominates Gaul and makes a lot of
money; the Senate and Pompey grow to fear
his power
Caesar begins his return March to Rome and
refuses to disband his army as Pompey
wishes.
Caesar crosses the Rubicon river in Northern
Italy and states “alea iacta est:” “the die is
cast.” He has rolled the die of fate. (We often
say dice erroneously because “dice” is plural).
Pompey moves his troops to Greece so he can
fight Caesar on more open terrain
Caesar travels, without field rations for his
troops, to Greece and defeats Pompey at the
battle of Pharsalia.
Pompey is assassinated and Caesar is given his
severed head.
A conspiracy of sixty senators, including
Cassius and Brutus, was formed because
Caesar’s immense power and prestige were
feared by Roman nobles.
Caesar is assassinated by the conspirators,
including some of his closest friends on the
Ides of March. His last words are supposedly,
“Et tu, Brute?”
YEAR: 44 B.C.
Caesar’s will is read and Octavian, later
Augustus Caesar, is listed the heir to his
power
Pompey/Pompey the Great
Crassus
Triumvirate
Spartacus
The Rubicon
Octavian/Augustus
Pharsalia
“Alea iacta est;” “The die is cast”
Crucifiction
Latin Club today
Need a tutor for a Latin 2 student
Matt Koch needs to pay me for Fall Forum.
Please finish your group translation of the
paragraph about Janus.
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres.
All Gaul is divided into three parts.
1)
2) Nihil est incertius vulgo, nihil obscurius
voluntate hominum, nihil fallacius ratione
tota comitiorum.
Nothing is more uncertain than the mob,
nothing is secretive than the will of men,
nothing is more deceitful than all the
reckoning of the assemblies.
Alea iacta est
Veni vidi vici.
Et tu Brute?
What they literally mean/why he said them
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Greedy, unscrupulous/immoral businessman
Wealthy
Fires
Brought back decimation: killed every tenth
Crucified 6000 of Spartacus’ rebellious
comrades
Chopped off head, gold poured down throat
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Eliminated piracy in the Mediterranean in
three months
Pompey began his career as a victorious
commander under Sulla
Defeated Mithradates in Pontus
Married Julia, Julius Caesar’s daughter
Defeated by Caesar at battle of Pharsalus
Assassinated/decapitated on his way to
Egypt
Caesar defeated Mithradates’ son in Pontus
Originally applied to a victorious commander;
command/power; leave “imperium”
untranslated; the emperor and some higher
ranking officials had imperium
Pro Roscio
Defends Roscius on charge of patricide; Roscius is acquitted ; Roscius was accused by a powerful associate of
Sulla
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In Verrem
Verres was a corrupt governor in Sicily; Cicero
prosecuted him for corruption; defense
attorney for Verres gave up
 In Catilinum
Catiline was the mastermind behind a
conspiracy to overthrow the state; Cicero
sucessfuly prosecuted him
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Cicero sides with Brutus and Cassius against
Caesar; staunchest and most vociferous
defender of the Roman republic;
Eventually he is killed by Antony and Augustus
2,ooo,ooo million
people in Gaul
“As Caesar loved me, I weep for him;
as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as
he was valiant, I honour him; but, as he
was ambitious, I slew him.”
Brutus, in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar