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Windows
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Windows
Windows are available in a
variety of shapes, sizes and
materials. Depending on the
type of window specified
they can be made from:
Timber (softwood or hardwood),
Powder coated Aluminium,
Bow window
Most modern glazing is double glazing
Wood grained UPVC
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Function
• Provide natural
light inside the
building.
• Provide means
of ventilation
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Performance Requirements
• Weather Exclusion
• Security
• Provide resistance to air
penetration in the form of
drafts
• Thermal and Sound
Insulation
• Privacy (bathroom)
• Durability
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Modern Casement Window
Top hung Casement
Opening out
Fixed Lights
Side hung Casement
Opening out
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Solid Timber window
Head
Top hung opening sash
Transom
Hinge
Stile
Fixed light
Sill
Mullion
Positions
Side hung opening sash
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Sash Window
The vertical sliding sash windows were
often used in Georgian Architecture
such as the ones shown above. The
two sliding sashes were allowed to slide
up or down to provide ventilation.
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Definitions
• Head
The horizontal top member of a window.
• Sill
The horizontal base of a window.
• Stile
The vertical members of a window on the outer edges.
• Transom
The horizontal member in a window frame.
• Mullion
The vertical member in a window frame.
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HEAD DETAIL
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SILL DETAIL
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JAMB DETAIL
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Windows in the
Commercial sector
The windows shown in
this photograph form part
of the external cladding
of an office building
stretching five storeys
high.
Glass used for this
type of window must be
safety glass.
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