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This figure illustrates the postgastrulation morphogenetic events involved in the formation of the tubular heart. A. A quail embryo is shown at HamburgerHamilton (H/H) stage 7/8, demonstrating the emergence of endocardial precursor mesenchymal cells, characterized by the expression of the antigen QH1 and the transcription factor NFATc, from the splanchnic mesoderm. This mesoderm is also the source for the future myocardium, which, for instance, expresses the transcription factor Nkx-2.5. It is proposed that the formation of both endocardium and myocardium are induced by growth factors, such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) isoforms, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). B. Subsequent to the migration and assembly of endocardial precursor mesenchymal cells during H/H stages 7 to 8, the cellular plexus Source: Chapter 9. Molecular Development of the Heart, Hurst's The Heart, 13e coalesces to form the definitive endocardial tube enveloped by the myocardial tube. Note that the endocardium is still in close proximity to the ventral side Citation: Fuster WalshSugi, RA, Harrington RA. Hurst's The Heart, 13e; 2011 Available http://mhmedical.com/ Accessed: May 12, 2017 of the foregut. Courtesy of Dr.V,Yukiko Cardiovascular Developmental Biology Center, Medicalat:University of South Carolina. Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved