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Type: Comprehensive Grammar Title: Plural Nouns - Part 3 Level: Level 1 Tags: level 1, beginner, plural nouns, singular nouns, irregular plurals NOTES TO TRAINER - These notes are for trainers only. They are not visible to learners. SUGGESTED OBJECTIVE: To identify the correct ways to change nouns to their plural forms Plural Nouns - Irregular Plurals Some nouns change in spelling when changed from singular to plural form. child - children man - men mouse - mice tooth - teeth foot - feet goose - geese deer - deer moose - moose sheep - sheep Some nouns have singular and plural forms that are exactly the same. Many nouns with irregular plurals come from foreign languages, like Latin or French. alumnus - alumni cactus - cacti fungus - fungi To change some nouns ending in us to plural form, change us to i. oasis - oases parenthesis - parentheses crisis - crises matrix - matrices appendix - appendices index - indices beau - beaux chateau - chateaux tableau - tableaux datum - data* bacterium - bacteria phenomenon phenomena antenna - antennae formula - formulae vertebra - vertebrae To change some nouns ending in is to plural form, change is to es. To change some nouns ending in ix or ex to plural form, change ix or ex to ices. To change some nouns ending in eau to plural form, add x. To change some nouns ending in um or on to plural form, change um or on to a. To change some nouns ending in a to plural form, add e. *It is more common to use "data" as a singular noun. (Example: "The data is interesting.")