Download FILARIASIS Presented By Mrs.S. AKHILA DAS M.Sc (N)

FILARIASIS
Presented By
Mrs.S. AKHILA DAS M.Sc (N)
Asst. Professor
Department of Community Health Nursing
Annammal College of Nursing
Introduction:
Filariasis is a major health
problem globally. It is estimated that
in South East Asia region, 60 million
people are infected and about 31
million people have clinical
manifestation of the disease.
Definition
Filariasis is an infection by filarial
worms in the blood and lymph channel,
lymph glands and other tissues. These
are spread by blood feeding black flies
and mosquitoes.
Filariasis caused by thread like round
worm belonging to filarioidea type
LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS
• Caused by the worms Wuchereria
bancrofti and Brugia malayi
• These worms occupy the lymphatic
system including the lymph nodes, in
chronic cases these worms lead to
elephantiasis
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRIAD
AGENT : Microfilariae of wuchereria
bancrofti
culex
HOST FACTOR
All ages are susceptible
Common among 20-30 years
Occur in males
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
a. breeding places- pools, soakage
pits
b. Bad drainage
c. Inadequate sewage disposal
d. Septic tanks
e. Open ditches
f. Poor environmental sanitation
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
man- mosquito- man
• Bite of an infected animal
• Open scratch or wound in contact with infectious
material such as blood or saliva
• Human to human in case of corneal transplant
• By mucous membrane when it comes in contact
with infectious material
INCUBATION PERIOD
8 to 16 months
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
• Fever
• Epididymo-orchitis
• Lymphangitis
Lymphadenitis Lymphoedema
various parts of body
When fibrosis and obstruction of
lymphatic vessels occur due to chronic
stage,
 Hydrocele
 Elephantiasis may affect legs, penis,
scrotum, breast and vulva
 Chyluria
DIAGNOSIS
 Clinical manifestation
 Thick blood film
 Serological test
DEC provocation test
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
MEASURES
1. Identification of cases and carriers of
filariasis
2. Control of mosquito
A. Anti- larval measures
Removal of pistia plant
Herbicides used for removal of pistia
phenoxylene 30
 Chemical control measures
temephos
pyrethrum oil
fenthion
B. Anti adult measures – spraying of
pyrethrum
•
3. Treatment
4. Personal protection
a. use of mosquito nets
b. Screening of houses
c. Use of repellents
5. Environmental Sanitation
 Filling up soakage pits
Avoiding stay of stagnant water
Maintenance of septic tanks
Filling up of cess pools
 Draining stagnant water
NATIONAL FILARIA CONTROL
PROGRAMME
• Has been in operation since 1955
• In 1978, NFCP merged with urban malaria
scheme for maximum utilization of available
resources.
objectives
• To carry out surveys
• To train paramedical professionals
• To control filariasis in rural areas by case
detection and treatment
• Reduction of problem in unsurveyed areas
• Control in urban areas through recurrent anti
larval and anti parasitic measures
Activities
• To achieve elimination of lymphatic filariasis
during 2004
• Door to door survey in filarial endemic district
• Provision of DEC tablets in addition to home
based foot care and hydrocele operation
THANK YOU