Download The Sun - Moodle

The Sun
P 754
The sun is the nearest __________________.
It’s name is _____________________
It takes ___________minutes for light to reach Earth
How do we know what the sun is made of?
]¬
Scientists use a
_____________________
Dark _______________
form when gases in the
star’s outer layers absorb
specific wavelengths of
the light that passes
through the layers
THERMONUCLEAR FUSION
CONVERTS H to He in the
Proton – Proton Reaction
 (1.) 1H + 1H 2H + positron (ß+) + neutrino (v)
(2.) 2H + 1H 3He + gamma ray (y)
(3.) 3He + 3He 4He + 1H + 1H
 The energy _______________ is similar to a
____________________ bomb.
 Almost all of the energy is released in the form of
electromagnetic radiation.
The sun produces Energy through __________________
__________________
Hydrogen is turned to helium and in the process some
_____________ is lost and changes into _______________
Do quick lab shown on page 757.
E=mc2
 Albert __________________ said that a small amount of
matter yields a large amount of energy
E = _________________ ________________
m = ___________________
c2= _____________ _____ ____________ ____________
The sun's energy allows ________________ to exist on earth.
Almost all energy transformations can be traced back to the
sun.
THE SUN FORMED AROUND _____ BILLION YEARS AGO
AND STILL HAS ABOUT ___ BILLION YEARS TO GO
page 758
Makes up about _____________ of mass
Temp about _____ million Kelvins
Enormous temp and pressure cause atoms to separate to
nuclei and electrons
Nuclei are positive so push away, But high temp and
pressure push them together
Hydrogen _______________ to helium
The Photosphere
The sun's visible surface is called the ____________________.
Photo--Greek for _______________
 It is a _______________________
The Chromosphere
 The layer of the sun's atmosphere between the photosphere
and the corona is the chromosphere
 (sphere of ________________)
Corona—atmosphere
outermost region
 extends out several million kilometers and merges into a hurricane
of high-speed protons and electrons called the ______________ _
Solar Wind
High speed electrons and electrically charged particles called
___________ that stream our into space
Flows outward to the rest of the solar system
Section 2 Solar Activity Page 761
Sunspots
are relatively cool areas on the surface created by strong
magnetic fields
The sun spins on its axis but different ___________ spin at
different ___________
The Sun has Storms: Sunspot Cycles
Scientists have observed for hundreds of years
That is how they know different ______________ rotate at
different rates
the numbers and position of sunspots vary in a cycle that
lasts about ___________ years
Look at Page 767 and answer these questions
 How many complete sunspot cycles are illustrated by the graph?
__________
 How does the range of latitudes of sunspots change over time?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
 How is this change related to the sunspot cycle?
_____________________________________________________
____
 According the graph, how many sunspots were located at the
sun’s north pole? _____________________________
Prominences
 Some sunspots have prominences forming over them
 Magnetic _____________ ___________________
Solar Flares
A sudden outward __________________ of electrically
charged particles
During a peak sunspot cycle ___ -____ solar flares may
occur each day
Coronal Mass Ejections
Parts of the _________are __________________ off the sun
When the particles hit the Earth’s ______________________
they generate a disturbance called a
__________________________ storm
Geomagnetic storms may interfere with
__________communications on earth
They may also lead to ______________________ when
power lines become overloaded
Solar Wind—our ______________ ________________ protects us
Auroras
Colored light produced by ______________ particles in the
atmosphere that react with the _____________ and
_______________in the upper atmosphere
Usually seen near the _________________
We call them the __________________
___________________________
Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Why doesn’t the sun blow apart?
Because of ______________________ _______________________
 The ______________ ________________ from the explosions is
balanced by the _________________ force of_________________