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 The banana crop is sensitive to grasses especially in the
early stages of their growth compare to herbaceous
dicot weeds.
 The major monocot weeds of banana fields are
Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria
marginata, and Eleusine aegyptium, and the dicot
weed are Euphorbia spp, Polygonum plebejum,
Portulaca oleracea, and Mimosa pudica.
 In banana cultivation grassy weed dominate the weed
ecosystem whicvh accounts >60 per cent of the total
weed population followed by broad leaved weed and
sedges.
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Cynodon dactylon Pers.
In black soils and in dryland is a noxious weed and once a field is infested with it, cultivati
becomes impossible.
It is considered as one of the ten worst weeds in the world and problematic in all tropical
and subtropical areas in dry land and garden lands.
It belongs to the family Graminae (Poaceae) and common name is
Bahama Grass, Hariyali. In tamil it is called as Arugampullu
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Cynodon dactylon Pers.
A perennial grass extensively creeping by means of scaly rhizomes
or by strong flat stolons, very common in plains and hills slender and
grows upto 7.5 to 30 cm height.
The underground stems are hard, brittle, thick, pale white in colour
and covered with short scale-leaves and occur at varying depth in
soil. Leaves are linear, finely acute, 7.5 to 12.5 cm long, spikes 3 to
6.
Propagated by through seeds and underground stolons.
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Cyperus rotundus L
Family is Cyperaceae and common name is Nut Grass, Nutsedge.
In tamil it is called as Korai kizhangu. Stoloniferous, stolons not
bulbiferous, stems trigonous, up to 1 m high, and tubers not zoned.
Stem sparsely tufted.
Leaves shorter or longer than stem,
narrow, numerous, bracts usually 3 and
up to 60 cm long.
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Cyperus rotundus L
Floral biology:
.
spikelets spreading, linear to lanceolate, up to 2.5 cm long;
glumes imbricate, plicate, pale-brown or chestnut-brown,
sometimes with a reddish tinge; nut trigonous, broadly
obovoid, grayish-black
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Portulaca oleracea L.
It is a succulent broad leaved weed and it belongs to the family Portulacaceae.
Common name is Indian Purslane. In tamil it is called as Paruppu Keerai.
The main stem is short and erect bearing a number of lateral branches
which lie prostrate on the ground, they grow to a length of 4-20 inches
and are green or reddish in colour.
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 The leaf-stalk is short. Flowers are without stalks, from 2-6 in
number and are collected together in clusters at the ends of
branches. Sepals are 2 and fleshy; they are united at the base
and are free above.
 Petals are 5 and are yellow in colour. Fruit is dry, dehiscing
transversely by the upper part enclosed by the sepals, coming
off as a lid leaving the lower part in the plant.
 Seeds are minute, blackish brown in colour and are covered
with concentric lines of tubercles. Propagation is by seed.
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Euphorbia geniculata Ort.
An exotic weed introduced recently and now common in
dryland, garden land and on bunds in wet lands.It is a broad
leaved weed and it belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae.
It is a annual herb with latex in all parts. Stem is round in
shape.
Leaves simple, ovate, alternate, opposite above.
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Involucre small, in dense corymbose cymes and monoecious.
Flowers combined to form a cyathium;
bracteoles many,
setaceous; male Flowers several surrounding a solitary female
flower. Seeds are dark grey, truncate at the lower end.
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 Mimosa pudica L.
 An introduced weed form Tropical America now wild in dry, wet and garden
lands, gregarious in habit.It is broad leaved weed and it belongs to the family
Leguminosae (Mimosoideae) Common name is Touch Me Not.
In tamil name it is called as Thotta vadi. Fast spreading, diffuse,
copiously branched, prostrate perennial herb. Stem and branches
covered with prickles.
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 Leaves bipinnate, digitate, leaflets 24-40 sensitive to touch,
nearly sessile, glabrous. Flowers small, pink, polygamous, in
globose heads, solitary or in pairs, bracteoles bristly; calyx very
small, campanulate shortly 4-toothed; corolla of 4 petals,
connate at the base. stamens Pod 3-4 seeded, sutures with many
spreading bristles, breaking into a number of 1 seeds bits.
 Propagation by means seeds.
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 Gupta, O.P. 1998. Weed management - Principles and Practices. Agro Botanical
Publishers, Bikaner.
 Rao, V.S.1994. Principles of Weed Science. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi.
 Subramanian, S., A.Mohamed Ali and R.Jayakumar. 1997. All about weed control.
Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
 C. Chinnusamy, N.K. Prabhakaran P. Janaki K. Govindarajan. 2009. Compendium
on Weed Science Research in Tamil Nadu (25 years). AICPR-WC, Department of
Agronomy, TNAU, Coimbatore - 641 003
 K. A.A. Kabeer and V.J. Nair. 2009. Flora of Tamil Nadu- Grasses. Botanical Survey
of India, Kolkatta.
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 1. Banana crop sensitive to ------------ type of weeds.
Ans : Grassy
 2.What is the Major monocot weeds in banana fiels ?
a. Portulaca oleracea b. Mimosa pudica c. Cyperus
rotundus
 3. In banana cultivation grassy weed dominate the weed
ecosystem which accounts ---------- % of the total weed
population followed
Ans : >60 %
 4. what is the tamil name of Mimosa pudica L
a. Korai kizhangu. b. Thotta vadi c. Arugampullu
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