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Digestive System
_____ 1st Hour Team Ebby ______
Include the following on your slide:
Name of organ
Description of structure
Function of organ
Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion occuring
Picture of the organ
Identify any secretions produced
Function of secretions
Use only 1 slide. Make sure it is neat & easy to read.
Mouth
The opening part of the human face
The mouth is the beginning of the digestive tract; and, in fact,
digestion starts here when taking the first bite of food.
Chewing breaks the food into pieces that are more easily digested,
while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it
down into a form your body can absorb and use.
The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and
other parts of the digestive system moist
Enzyme in saliva, Amylase - breakdown starch
Pharynx
cavity behind nose and mouth
connects to esophagus
part of both the respiratory tract and the
digestive tract
nasopharynx, oropharynx, and
laryngopharynx
epiglottis directs the travel of air or food
into either the larynx or the esophagus
Esophagus
Structure: a muscular tube connecting the pharynx with the stomach
Function: to carry food, liquids, and saliva from the mouth
to the stomach
Digestion: mechanical digestion through peristalsis, a wavelike
movement to move food down the esophagus
Secretion: mucus
Function of Secretion: for lubrication, to minimize friction and allow smooth movement
down the tube
Stomach
● C-shaped organ between the esophagus and the small intestine in the GI tract
● Made up of 3 layers of muscle and covered in thick mucus
● Stomach stores food, breaks it down, and moves it to the small intestine through
propulsion
○ Mechanical Digestion: churning and peristalsis
○ Chemical Digestion: pepsin- breaks down protein
● Gastric juice
○ Secretion stimulated through neural and hormonal
factors
Small Intestine
Where part of digestion occurs, absorption of nutrients occurs in small intestines
About 23 feet long in adult
Mechanical and chemical digestion
Mechanical - peristalsis and segmentation
Chemical - enzymes break down proteins, lipase breaks down fats
Secretes water and mucus and help protect intestines and help food move easier
Large Intestine
Larger in diameter than the small intestine, but shorter in length
Major functions: to dry the indigestible food residue by absorbing water and to
eliminate these residues from the body as feces
Has 3 subdivisions: cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, and anal canal
No villi are present, but there are many goblet cells in
mucosa that produce alkaline mucus
Mucus acts as a lubricant to ease the passage of feces
3 bands of muscle called teniae coli
its
Liver
Largest gland in the body, comprised of lobes suspended beneath the diaphragm.
Function: Produces bile that enters the small intestine, the bile salts break down fat globules.
Mechanical digestion occurs due to large fat globules being broken into smaller pieces.
Bile is secreted into the gallbladder (where it is stored)
This breaks down the fat in the digestive tract
Gallbladder
Is a green pea-pod like shape, located inferiorly to the liver and laterally to the
pancreas
Function: to store the bile made from the liver
Bile breaks down fat
No mechanical or chemical digestion occurs here
Pancreas
● Soft , Pink Triangular gland that extends across the abdomen from the spleen to
the duodenum.
● Function: Converting the food we eat into fuel for the body’s cells.
● Digestion: an exocrine function that helps digestion and an endocrine function
that regulates blood sugar.
● Pancreas are secreted into the duodenum in an alkaline fluid (bicarbonate) that
neutralizes the acidic chyme coming in from the stomach.
The final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus.
Rectum = The End