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Phonics Virginia Standards of Learning for Phonics and Word Study 1.6 The student will apply phonetic principles to read and spell. First Grade: Volume 1, Page 11 Definitions • Phonological Awareness • Phonemic Awareness • Phonics Phonemic Awareness vs. Phonics Phonemic Awareness • sounds in spoken words Phonics • relationship between vs sounds and written symbols • associated with print • may be purely oral Letter Recognition • Children need to know how to recognize, name, and write the letters in the alphabet • Children need to learn the upper and lowercase letters S • Before beginning phonics instruction A children should know at least 10 letterF names U V • Letter recognition activities G RV O Instruction • Phonics instruction should be explicit and systematic • Letter-sound instruction should include the common sounds of letters, letter combinations, and spelling patterns Letter Combinations Common letter combinations – Consonant blends – Consonant digraphs – Vowel pairs Phonics Sequence Letter Names Beginning Sounds Short Vowel Word Families Digraphs & Blends Short Vowel Comparisons Long Vowels REA Video Example Small group phonics instruction Phonics Instruction Small Group Activity: Sample Phonics Lesson Word Study Strategies • • • • • • Blending together the sounds in words Recognizing high frequency and irregular words Using common spelling patterns Using common syllable patterns Using structural analysis Using knowledge of context and syntax to support pronunciation and confirm word meaning Irregular Words • Contain some letters that do not represent their most commonly used sounds • Tend to be high frequency words that students encounter often in their reading and writing (e.g., have, was) • Can be partially decoded Sight Words • Sight words are words that are recognized immediately • The ultimate goal is for ALL words, regular and irregular, to be read automatically with little effort Observing children’s application of phonics is the best indicator of how well they have learned it. (Strickland, 1998) Phonics at Different Stages • Emergent • Beginning • Instructional How is phonics addressed in your literacy block? Copyright 2005-2007 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia.