Download Identifying Potential Donors

Donate Life:
An Overview of Organ, Tissue and Eye Donation
University of Wisconsin
Organ Procurement Organization
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Why is donation so important?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
The numbers speak for themselves:
• More than 112,000 people in the United States are waiting
for a transplant
• More than 2,500 on the list are children
• Every 11 minutes – another name is added to the waiting
list
• 19 people die every day because they didn’t get the organ
they needed in time
YesIWillWisconsin.com
U.S. Transplant Waiting List
Type of Transplant
Kidney
Liver
Heart
Kidney-pancreas
Lung
Pancreas
Intestines
Heart-lung
Total people waiting
# of Patients Waiting
90,023
16,181
3,141
2,121
1,755
1,353
263
74
112,414
Source: Organ Procurement and Transplant Network
Updated 10/13/11
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Wisconsin Transplant Waiting List
Type of Transplant
Kidney
Liver
Heart
Lung
Kidney-pancreas
Pancreas
Intestine
Heart-lung
Total people waiting
# of Patients Waiting
1,495
207
82
55
45
15
3
0
1,859
Source: Organ Procurement and Transplant Network
Updated 10/13/2011
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Challenges Across the Nation
We need to close this gap!
Patients Waiting
Transplants Performed
Organ Donors
1988
16,026
12,262
5,907
2010
Increase
110,375
+94,349 (589%)
22 Year Span
28,662
+16,400 (134%)
14,508
+8,601 (146%)
OPTN data: 8/25/2011
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Why are we learning this in
driver’s education class?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Kelly Nachreiner Law (Wisconsin Act 124)
• Signed by Governor Tommy Thompson on
May 9, 2000
• Requires all driver’s education programs in
Wisconsin to give at least thirty minutes of
instruction on organ and tissue donation
• The law was the first of its kind in the U.S.
There are now more than 12 other similar
educational mandates
Kelly Nachreiner, Sauk City, WI
Organ donor on January 4, 2000
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What organs can be donated?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Kidneys
•
•
•
•
We have two kidneys that can
be given to two different
recipients for conditions such
as:
End stage renal disease
Diabetes with renal disease
High blood pressure
Polycystic kidney disease
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Heart
For conditions such as:
• Cardiomyopathy
• Coronary artery disease
• Congenital heart disease
• Valvular heart diseases
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Lungs
For conditions such as:
• Emphysema/COPD
• Cystic fibrosis
• Pulmonary fibrosis
• Primary pulmonary
hypertension
• Congenital defects
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Liver
For conditions such as:
• Hepatitis
– A,B,C
• Cirrhosis
– Alcohol
– Medications
• Biliary disease
• Metabolic
• Neoplasms
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Isolated pancreas
For conditions such as:
• Diabetes Type I without
renal disease
• Hypoglycemic unawareness
• Pancreas after kidney
transplant
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Simultaneous kidney-pancreas
For conditions such as:
• Diabetes Type I with endstage renal disease
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Small intestine
For conditions such as:
• Short gut syndrome
• Severe vascular disease
Small intestine is frequently
transplanted in children
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What tissues can be donated?
YesIWillWisconsin.com
•
•
•
•
Eyes (corneas)
Skin
Bone
Connective tissue
– Ligaments
– Tendons
• Heart for
valves/pericardium
• Arteries and veins
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Eye Donation
• Cornea transplants become necessary when the cornea
becomes cloudy or damaged due to disease, injury or
hereditary conditions
• Other eye tissue can be used for transplant, research and/or
education
• Almost anyone can be an eye donor, even patients with poor
eyesight, those who wear glasses or contacts and patients with
diseases like diabetes and cancer
• More than 45,000 cornea transplant surgeries are performed
each year in the U.S.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
The difference between organ
donation and tissue/eye donation
Organ Donation
• The patient must be in a
hospital on a ventilator
• The organs must be
properly preserved and
transplanted quickly
• This is a life-saving
procedure
Tissue/Eye Donation
• Occurs in the first 24 hours
after the heart has stopped
beating
• The tissues can be
preserved and used at a
later date
• This is a life-enhancing
procedure
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Through organ, eye and tissue donation...
1 person can:
Save 8 lives (organ donation)
Improve >50 lives (tissue and eye donation)
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Common Questions about Donation
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Who can be a donor?
• Anyone can sign up/register
• People should base their decision on how they feel about
donation. Pre-existing medical conditions won’t necessarily
exclude anyone from being a donor
• People of all ages should make their decision and let the
medical professionals determine if they’re eligible at the time
of their death
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will the doctors do everything they can to try and
save me if they know my wishes to be a donor?
Yes.
• The organ procurement professionals are a separate team of
people from the medical team that is treating the patient. This
ensures that there is no conflict of interest
• Donation is only considered after all efforts to save a patient’s
life have been exhausted by the medical team
• Organ recovery only occurs after death has been declared
YesIWillWisconsin.com
How does religion relate to organ donation?
• The majority of religions support organ donation
• Most religions view organ and tissue donation as a
charitable act
• People should talk to their religious leader about
donation if they need clarification
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will donation disfigure the body?
No.
• Organs are removed through a surgical procedure, in an
operating room
• Areas where tissue donation occurs are reconstructed and
can be concealed by clothing
• Open casket funerals can occur following donation
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Does donation cost a family money?
No.
• Each recovering agency pays for all expenses associated
with the donation process
• Those costs are passed on to the recipients and their
insurance companies
• The donor’s family is responsible for the funeral expenses
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will donation cause any delays with
funeral arrangements?
No.
• The recovering agency will make certain the donor’s body
is released to the funeral home on time
• No extra planning is required by families of organ and
tissue donors
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Can you pay to get an organ?
No.
Organ allocation is strictly regulated by the federal government. Donated
organs are matched to the recipients according to these criteria:
• Blood type
• Medical urgency
• Tissue match
• Waiting time
• Organ size
• Immune status
• Geographic distance
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Will the organs be transplanted locally?
Yes, if:
•
•
•
There are local recipients who match the organ
There are no status one* patients in our region. (This rule applies to livers
only.)
There are no wait list patients in the U.S. who are a perfect tissue type match.
(This rule applies to kidneys only.)
Approximately 85-90 percent of all organs donated in the our state
are used for transplants here in Wisconsin
* A status one liver transplant candidate is the most medically urgent patient on the list
and is likely to die within one week without a transplant.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Can the donor family and recipients
meet each other?
Yes.
• Initial contact is coordinated by the OPO, due to federal
privacy regulations
• All recipients are encouraged to write to their donor families
• Meetings can be arranged if both parties sign a consent/
release of information form
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Who will decide if I become a donor?
Your legal next of kin.
If a person’s donation decision isn’t documented (such as being on the Donor
Registry), the legal next of kin hierarchy is the order in which consent for
donation is pursued:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Healthcare Agent
Spouse
Adult Children
Parents
Adult Siblings
Adult Grandchildren
Grandparents
An adult who exhibited special care &
concern
Legal Guardian
Coroner or Medical Examiner
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What is the Wisconsin Donor Registry?
•
Launched on March 29, 2010, the registry allows anyone
with a Wisconsin Driver’s License or State ID card to legally
register to become a donor online at any time at:
YesIWillWisconsin.com
•
Registering to be a donor now is legally binding and cannot
be overruled at the time of your death by a family member or
legal next of kin if you are over the age of 18.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What if I already have an orange DONOR dot?
•
•
•
Even if someone already has an orange DONOR dot on their license – if
their last license was issued or renewed before March 29, 2010 – they
still need to visit the registry website once in order to be entered into the
new Wisconsin Donor Registry
Each time you sign up for a new license/ID card or renew your existing
license/ID card – you need to continue to answer YES to the donation
question on the application form in order to remain on the Wisconsin
Donor Registry
If you decide later that you want to remove yourself from the registry –
you can do so online at the same website.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
You Can Make a Difference
• On October 13, 2011, the Wisconsin Donor Registry reached
1 million registered donors, but:
Here in Wisconsin, more than 77 percent of all licensed drivers
and/or state ID card holders still aren’t listed on the Wisconsin
Donor Registry
• Nationally, the U.S. had registered 100 million donors by this
same date.
• The national goal is to register 20 million more donors before
the end of 2012
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Why is it so important to register?
Less than five percent of people die in a hospital on a
ventilator. We need everyone who wishes to donate to
register, so more people will receive a transplant.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
What should I do now?
The Two D’s:
1.
Decide
Take action and sign up to be a donor at any time by going
to: YesIWillWisconsin.com and clicking on the orange
DONATE button. You can also sign-up to be a donor at the
DMV office where you get your license.
2.
Discuss
Talk to your family about your decision to be a donor – until
you turn 18 – your family can overrule your donation
decision.
YesIWillWisconsin.com
Through donation
lives are changed forever
Take Action!
Register online at YesIWillWisconsin.com
and
Talk your family about your decision