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Imperatives Principal Parts o Verbs have principal parts. These are the forms of a verb which you find at the beginning of a dictionary entry. In English, verbs have 3 principal parts. see, saw, seen study, studied, studied do, did, done o In English the 1st principal part is the infinitive, the 2nd is the past simple, and the third is the perfect passive participle. o Latin has 4 principal parts. The 1st is the first person singular of the present tense, the 2nd is the infinitive, the 3rd is the first person singular of the perfect tense, and the 4th is the perfect passive participle. o At this point in Latin I, we are interested in the 1st and 2nd principal parts. Imperative o The imperative is the form of a verb which is used to give commands. There is a singular and plural form and the subject is understood to be “you” but is not stated. o The imperative is formed from the 2nd principal part. curō, cūrāre – 1st Conjugation maneō, manēre – 2nd Conjugation vīvō, vīvere – 3rd Conjugation capiō, capere – 3rd-i Conjugation audio, audīre – 4th Conjugation o Singular Drop the –re. This gives the present singular imperative. cūrā – look after (s) manē – stay (s) vīve – live (s) cape – capture (s) audī – hear (s) o Plural Add –te to the singular imperative. This gives the plural imperative. Notice the vowel change in 3rd conjugation verbs. cūrāte – look after (pl) manēte – stay (pl) vīvite – live (pl) capite – capture (pl) audīte – hear (pl) o Odd imperatives. dīc – say (s) dūc – lead (s) fac – do, make (s) fer – bring, carry (s) o Negative imperatives. Use the imperative of “nolō” + the infinitive nolī dormīre – don’t sleep (s) nolīte dormīre – don’t sleep (pl)