Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Chapter 29 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Lesson 2: Common STDs and their Treatments Grade 12 Age 18 Sera Iyanoye Lindsey Farrington Queendoline Ekpo Myths or Facts A vaccine can prevent the spread of STDs You can have only on type of STD at a time Some types of STDs are incurable and last a lifetime You can get STDs only if you have lots of sexual partners Myth or Facts Once infected with an STD, you cannot get it again You can still have an STD, even if the symptoms go away What is it? Sexually transmitted disease Viral Bacteria Parasites Who is at risk? YOU Scabies Microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabei infection of the skin Affects people of races and ages Transmission Direct skin to skin contact with a person infected Sharing clothes, towels and bedding Up to a month on human body 48-72 hours away from human body Scabies Symptoms Pimple-like irritations Intense itching, especially at night and over most of the body Sores on the body caused by scratching. These sores can sometimes become infected with bacteria Scabies Treatment Special lotions prescribed by doctors All clothes should be washed with hot water Proper showers should be taken Every body in contact with infected person should be treated Pubic lice Pubic lice are parasitic insects found in the genital areas of human It is commonly known as crabs due to its shape Transmission Usually spread through sexual contact Rarely spread through contact with infected person bed linens, towels, or clothes Pubic lice Where is it found? Pubic hair on genital area Hair on legs, armpits, mustache, beard, eyebrows or eyelashes Found on eyebrow or eyelashes in young children SIGNS; Itching in the genital area. Visible nits (lice eggs) or crawling lice Pubic lice Symptoms Itching in the genital area Visible nits (lice eggs) or crawling lice Treatment Pediculicide (1%): prescription Lindane (1%): non prescription For lice on eyebrows or eyelashes, remove with fingernails or an ophthalmic grade petroleum ointment available by prescription Gonorrhea Transmission Penis, vagina, anus, mouth, with or without ejaculation Mother to baby during pregnancy and childbirth 700,000 new infection/year Gonorrhea Men’s Symptoms Burning sensation when urinating Discharge of penis Itching Painful or swollen testicles Women’s Symptoms Burning sensation when urinating Vaginal bleeding between periods Increased vaginal discharge Gonorrhea Opportunistic Infections Women pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) infertility Men Epididymitis infertility Connections with Chlamydia Gonorrhea Treatment Antibiotics can cure Gonorrhea Treatments will stop infections, not fix permanent damage Re-infection is possible! Chlamydia Bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis 2.8 million infected each year Symptoms Same as gonorrhea Burning sensation while urinating Unusual discharges from genitals Chlamydia Treatment Cured with antibiotics Left untreated ; PID (40% of women), permanent damage to fallopian tubes, uterus, infertility Men: complications are rare, sterility might occur Syphilis Bacterium Treponema pallidum In the USA over 32,000 cases including 6,862 primary and secondary (P&S) cases in 2002 Between 2001 and 2002, the # of reported P&S syphilis increase 12.4 percent Rates in men are 3.5 times more that women Rates highest in women 20 to 24 years old, men between 35-39 years Highest rates are found in southern states Syphilis Transmission Direct contact with syphilis sore During vaginal, anal, and oral sex Sores occur mainly on vagina, anus, or in the rectum Sores can occur on lips and in the mouth Many sores are unrecognized, thus most transmission is from person unaware of infection Syphilis Primary Stage Symptoms Appearance of chancres Time between infection and symptoms might range from 10 to 90 days Chancre last 3 to 6 weeks, and heals without treatment. If untreated progresses to secondary stage Syphilis Secondary Stage. Symptoms Skin rash and mucous membrane lesions Rashes can appear as chancre is healing or weeks after chancre heals Fever, swollen lymph glands, sore throat, patchy hair loss, headache, weight loss, muscle ache and fatigue Syphilis Late stage. Symptoms Hidden stage leads to damage to internal organs like hear, eyes, nerves, brain, liver, blood vessels, bones and joints Difficulty coordinating muscle movements, paralysis, numbness Gradual blindness, and dementia DEATH! Syphilis Treatment Single penicillin injection will cure infections that are less than a year Additional dosage needed for infection more than a year Treatment will kill bacteria but not repair damage Re-infection is possible! Trichomoniasis Parasite Trichomonas vaginalis 7.4 million new cases each year Symptoms Women: frothy yellow green vaginal discharge with strong odor, itching in genitals, pain during urination or intercourse Men: slight burning after urination or ejaculation, mild discharge Trichomoniasis Treatment Curable with prescribed antibiotics HIV/AIDS HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV is the virus that causes AIDS AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Disease that destroys the body’s immune system, leaving a person susceptible for life-threatening illnesses HIV/AIDS Transmission Fluids: vaginal, semen, breast milk, blood Sexual contact with an infected person Sharing needles (shooting drugs) with infected person Mother to baby during pregnancy HIV/AIDS Symptoms Dry cough Shortness of breath Weight loss Pink/purple blotches on or under the skin Persistent vaginal yeast infections Fever, chills, night sweats Swollen glands in neck, armpits, groin areas Frequent diarrhea Mouth sores HIV/AIDS Treatments No known cure, although there are drugs that can slow the progress of HIV There are also drugs that can prevent or treat opportunistic infections HIV/AIDS Opportunistic Infections Infections that occur as result of weak immune system caused by HIV HPV Human Papillomavirus 20 million people infected Low risk Genital wart of the anus, cervix, vagina, vulva, penis High Risk Can lead to cancers of the penis, vulva, cervix, vagina HPV Transmission Skin to skin contact HPV Symptoms There are no symptoms although warts may be present Treatments There is no cure for HPV, but there is treatment for genital warts Warts can be removed by freezing, burning, laser treatment The body can naturally rid itself of the virus Herpes What is Herpes? Virus that causes outbreaks of skin blisters and sores in genital area Herpes Symptoms Tingling, burning, pain in genital area Difficult or painful urination Red areas on genitals from blister bursting Herpes Transmission Sexual contact with person who has it Touching infected area of someone who has it Can be spread even if symptoms are not present Can spread during childbirth Herpes Herpes There is no known cure Medications can reduce the number of outbreaks http://www.trojancondoms.com/info_center/con dom_use Preventions and risk reductions of STD. Abstinence (100% safe) Talking to partners about HIV/AIDS and other STDs Practicing safer sex Not sharing needles Any Questions?