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Political system of Islam politics is a part of Islam. It cannot be separated from it. Indeed, the separation of religion and politics is meaning in Islam. Politics is very much a part of our collective life. Just as Islam teaches us how to say Salah, observe Sawm, pay Zakah and undertake Hajj, so it teaches us how to run a state, form a government, elect representatives, make treaties and conduct trade. The Islamic political system is based on the following main principles: 01 Sovereignty of Allah Sovereignty means the source of power authority. In Islam, Allah is the source of all power and Laws. It is Allah who knows what is good and what is bad for His servants. His say is final. Human beings should not and must not change His Law. For example, the Quran says, “As for the thief, male and female, chop off their hands. It is the reward of their own action and exemplary punishment from Allah. Allah is Mighty, Wise. According to Islam, this order cannot be changed by any ruler or government claiming to be Islamic. There are many laws in the Quran concerning our life, and chose laws must be put into practice by an Islamic state for the greater good of a human being. 02 Khalifah of Mankind (Vicegerency of Man) Man is the vicegerent, the agent or the representative of Allah on each. Allah is the sovereign and man is His representative. Man should do as Allah commands him to do. Man can chose either to obey or disoby Allah, but because of this freedom of choice he will be answerable to Allah on the Day of Judgement. In the political sense, Khilafah means that human beings should implement the will of Allah on earth as His deputy or agent , on His belief as a trust. An agent is always expected to behave as his master wants him to behave. 03 Legislation by Shura (Conclusion) Islam teaches us how to run a government, to legislate and to arrive at decision by the process of Shura. Shura means “to take decisions by consultation and participation”. This is an important part of the Islamic political system. There is no room for despotism and tyranny in Islam. shura must be based on the Quran and the Sunnah. It must not contradict or attempt to overruble the Quran and the Sunnah. 04 Accountability of Government The Islamic political system makes the ruler and the government responsible firstly to Allah and then to the people. The ruler must work for the welfare of the people according to the Quran and the Sunnah of prophet Muhammud. In Islam the ruler is a servant of the people. Citizens of an Islamic state have the rights to question the ruler and the government about any matters that concern them. In turn, the people must obey their ruler, so long as he follows the Quran and Sunnah. Both the ruler and the ruled are the Khakifah of Allah. They will appear before Allah and account for their actions on the Day of Judgment. The responsibility of the ruler is heavier than the ruler. 05 Independence of the Judiciary In the Islamic political system, the judiciary is independent of the executive. The head of the state, the government and any member or employee of the government can be called to the court when necessary. They would be treated no differently from other citizens. The Quran has many injunctions about justice. One of the main functions of the Islamic state is to ensure justice for all citizens. The ruler and the government have no right to interfere in the system of justice. 06 Equality Before the Law The Islamic political system ensures equality for all citizens before the law. It does not discriminate against anyone on the basis of language, colour, class, race, religion or sex. Allah distinguishes between us on the basis of Taqwa ( piety or fear of Allah). One who loves and fears Allah most is the best and noblest in Islam. Conclusion The duty of an ideal Islamic state is to establish Salah and Zakah, promote the right and forbid the wrong. The state is responsible for the welfare of all citizens Muslims and non-Muslims alike. It must guarantee the basis necessities of life (food, clothing, housing, medicine and education). All citizens of the Islamic state should enjoy freedom of belief, thought, conscience and speech. Every citizen should be free to develop his potential, improve his capacity, earn wealth and own such wealth within the limits set by the Quran and the Sunnah.