Download Gettysburg DBQ Hook Exercise (p. 461) July 3, 1863 in Gettysburg

Gettysburg DBQ
Hook Exercise (p. 461)
1. July 3, 1863 in Gettysburg, PA
2. The Confederates were on the offensive. The arrows show that the Confederates led by General
Pickett were attacking from the west.
3. Between ½ and ¾ of a mile.
4. The Union forces had the high ground. This gave them a big advantage as they could fire down
on the advancing Confederate soldiers with less fear of being fired upon themselves.
5. Although it may have been courageous, one can infer that Pickett’s Charge was unsuccessful.
6. Washington, D.C. was only 80 miles away. If the Union army was defeated, General Lee would
have been one step closer to the capital. Panic would have been likely with some Northern
leaders asking for peace.
Background Essay Questions (p. 465)
1. Two years
2. Robert E. Lee
3. The response of many in the cities was panic and worry. However, some young women in
Chambersburg stood outside with Union flags on their blouses and the Confederate soldiers
marching by just smiled and laughed.
4. George Meade
5. 75,000
6. Marching soldiers of both armies stopped to pick cherries. Some Confederate soldiers helped a
Northerner pull his horse out of a water tank.
7. Define:
a. Confederate: Southern
b. Union: Northern
c. Siege: surrounding and cutting off a town for the purpose of capturing it
d. Cavalry: soldiers trained to fight on horseback
e. Offensive: an attack
f. Rebel: Southern, Confederate
g. Yankee: Northern, Union
h. Troops: Soldiers
Understanding the Question (p. 467)
1. The Battle of Gettysburg: Why was it the turning point?
2. Turning point
3. The Battle of Gettysburg: Why was it the beginning of the end for the South? (Or student’s
variation)
Document “A” Analysis
1. A campaign is a series of military operations in a certain area conducted to achieve a certain
goal.
2. Most campaigns were in Confederate territory. The South had a defensive strategy; the North
had an offensive strategy (the Anaconda Plan). The North would have to invade the South to get
them to stay in the Union.
3. Gettysburg was in PA, a free Union state. No other major Civil War battle was fought in the
North.
4. Lee wanted to conquer the North, lesson the North’s desire to win/boost the South’s desire to
win, and secure alliances with European countries.
5. Gettysburg was the Confederacy’s northern-most attack. A victory by Lee might have broken the
Northern will to continue the war.
Document “B” Analysis
1. Killed, wounded, missing
2. North: 23,040. South: 20,650-25,000
3. The Confederates appear to have been hurt the most. The Union had a much larger pool to
replace Gettysburg casualties – more than 3x as many troops in the field and 5x as many men of
military age to draw upon.
4. In terms of casualties as a proportion of troops available, Gettysburg was a huge setback for the
South
Document “C” Analysis
1. To Jefferson Davis on July 4 and August 8, 1863
2. A public journal was a popular newspaper or magazine. Lee was sensitive to Southern criticism
regarding his defeat at Gettysburg
3. The expectations included a victory over the North and independence for the South
4. The letters suggest a turning point. Lee says he has lost confidence in his ability to beat the
North. The second letter is evidence of a crack in Southern morale
Document “D” Analysis
1.
2.
3.
4.
1776, when the Declaration of Independence was written
The soldiers who fought at Gettysburg
To die in battle
He wants the crowd to pledge to expand freedom (end slavery) and work to make sure
democracy never disappears from the planet
5. Gettysburg is a turning point because it gave the nation an opportunity to rededicate itself not
only to the causes of ending slavery and preserving a union, but also to an even larger goal of
proving that mankind can rule itself under a democratic government. Lincoln’s redefinition of
the war’s aims was a huge morale booster.
Bucketing
A
B, C
C, D
Geography
Casualties
Morale
Outline for the DBQ
Working Title:
Intro Paragraph
Grabber:
Background:
Thesis:
Body Paragraph #1 Topic:
Intro Statement:
Evidence: supporting detail from documents with document citation
Argument: connecting evidence to the thesis
Body Paragraph #2 Topic:
Intro Statement:
Evidence: supporting detail from documents with document citation
Argument: connecting evidence to the thesis
Concluding Paragraph: Restatement of the main idea/thesis along with other insights from your essay