Download Plants - Blue Springs School

Plants
LT 1. Contrast primary and secondary
plant growth.
1. Fill out the following
information on plant growth:
Type of
growth
Primary
Secondary
Describe this
type of growth.
Where does it
happen?
What tissues are
involved in the
growth?
2. A 2nd grader carved a heart into a tree with the initials of a
boy she liked. She carved it 3 feet off the ground. As a high
school senior, she comes back and sees the heart. How far off
the ground is the heart now? Justify your answer.
LT 2. Explain
the how
water
travels in
xylem.
6. The transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism
describes the primary way water is transported
through xylem. Explain how each of the following
is important in this process.
Its importance
Cohesion of water
Trachids and Vessel
Elements are lined
with hydrophilic
cellulose and have
pits that increase
surface area
Adhesion
Stomata
Transpiration
7. To remember how water travels through plants, you
can remember that plants drink water through a straw.
a. How is xylem like a straw?
b. How is the transpiration-cohesion-tension
mechanism similar to the method people use to drink
through a straw?
LT 3. Describe ways that the
environment can affect the rate of
transpiration.
8. Will each of these speed up or slow down the
rate of transpiration? Justify your answer.
Environmental ↑ or
condition
↓
Heat
Humidity
Windy
Dark
Justification
LT 4. Describe how guard cells open
and close.
9. Plants often pair active and passive transport to get a final
effect. This is the case in the opening and closing of stomata.
For the picture below, label the arrows with what happens to
make the guard cells open and close the stomata. Be sure to
distinguish what is being actively transported and what is being
passively transported.
LT 5. Describe the adaptive value of
root hairs.
3. What are root hairs? What is their function?
4. If a plant had a defect that kept it from producing root
hairs, how would this effect the fitness of the plant?
5. Explain how active and passive transport are involved in
root pressure.
Active:
Passive:
LT 6. Explain the
process involved
in pressure flow
including the
roles of passive
and active
transport.
10. Xylem sap always moves up, but
phloem sap always moves from the
____________________________ to
the ____________________________.
11. In a summer with long sunny days,
where would the source be in a plant?
What would 2 sinks be? In the spring
when a tulip is starting to emerge from
the ground, where is its source and
where is its sink?
Season
Summer
Spring
Source
Sink
1.
2.
12. Describe the active and passive transport at the source and at the
sink that causes pressure flow through the phloem. For each type of
transport, what is moving and where is it coming from and going to?
At the Source
Active
transport
At the Sink
Active
transport
causes
Passive
Transport
causes
Passive
Transport
LT 7. Explain the symbiotic
relationships plants can have with
other organisms to aide in their
nutrition.
13. For each of the following mutualistic relationships, explain the
benefit to the plant and the benefit to the other organism.
Relationship
Mycorrhizae
Nodules on the
roots of Legumes
Benefit to plant
Other organism
Involved
Benefit to other
organism
LT 8. Describe ways plants respond to
their environment including
phototropism and gravitotropism.
17. Plants respond to stimuli like
all other living things. Fill in the
following table about 2 ways plants
respond t stimuli
Tropism
Phototropism
Gravitropism
Describe it
How does this happen?
LT 9. Name the major categories of
plant hormones and their primary
functions.
14. Fill in the following table about major categories of plant hormones.
Type of Hormone
Functions
Way to Remember
Other Key
information
Apical Dominance,
Phototropism,
Gravitotropism,
Cell Elongation
Stimulates cell
division
Cell division is
Cytokinesis
Germination
Their name and
Germination start
with G
Inhibits growth,
closes stoma,
keeps dormant,
stress hormone
Fruit ripening
Only hormone that
is a gas
LT 10. Explain how plant hormones
illustrate positive and negative
feedback systems (e.g. ethylene,
gibberellins).
15. Explain how gibberellins show negative feedback.
16. Explain how ethylene is an example of a positive
feedback loop.
LT 11. Explain how plants demonstrate
photoperiodism in flowering.
18. Tulips are some of the first flowers
to bloom in the spring and monk's hood
is a flower that does not bloom until
September. Answer the following about
each of these examples.
Is it a short day or
Example
a long day plant?
Tulip
Monk's
Hood
Environmental
stimulus that
triggers flowering
How does a flash of
light in the middle
of the night affect
flowering?