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Digestive System 4th Hour Team Becca Include the following on your slide: Name of organ Description of structure Function of organ Identify if there is mechanical &/or chemical digestion occurring Picture of the organ Identify any secretions produced Function of secretions Use only 1 slide. Make sure it is neat & easy to read. Mouth - Function: first stage of breaking down food - Teeth are used for mechanical breakdown - Secretion of Saliva has the enzyme amylase which is key for chemical breakdown - The mouth is lined with teeth and has a tongue which are important components for both mechanical and chemical decomposition Pharynx The Pharynx is approximately 12.5 cm long and is divided into three parts Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx Has a Respiratory function and a Digestive function The Pharynx filters, warms, and moistens air and conducts it to the lungs Its muscular walls function in the process of swallowing and it serves as a pathway for the movement of food from the mouth to the esophagus Esophagus Structure: The Esophagus Is a muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. Function: The esophagus seems to have only one important function in the body to carry food, liquids, and saliva from the mouth to the stomach. The Esophagus secretes mucus to help lubricate the pathway e Stomach Structure - lined with epithelium tissue Function - breaks down and digests food Type of Digestion - both chemical and mechanical Secretions Produced - Gastric Juices (HCl, Pepsin) Functions of Secretion - breaks down proteins & helps digestion Small Intestine The small intestine is a muscular tube extending from the pyloric sphincter to the large intestine. It is the body's major digestive organ, nearly all food absorption occurs here Chemical digestion of foods begins in earnest in the small intestine. It is able to process only a small amount of food at one time. enzymes that are produced by the pancreas and then ducted into the duodenum through the pancreatic ducts, where they complete the chemical breakdown of foods in the small intestine. Large Intestine Structure: 1.5 m long and made up of the colon and the rectum extending from the ileocecal valve to the Anya Function: Dries out the digestible food residue by absorbing water and eliminates these residues from the body as feces Digestion: Unlike the small intestine, the large intestine produces no digestive enzymes. Chemical digestion is completed in the small intestine before the chyme reaches the large intestine Secretions: Bicarbonate ions and mucus Secretion Functions: Mucus lubricates and holds together forming stool, protects the intestinal mucosa, and prevents overgrowth of fecal bacteria Salivary Gland Structure: these glands can be found throughout the mouth Function of organ: secrete saliva for digestion Chemical: the salivary gland in primarily chemical because the enzymes in saliva, amylase, are used to change the chemical composition of the food into glucose. Secretion: Saliva Function of secretion: Breakdown the food chemically, the mouth breaks it down mechanically. Pancreas Description of structure a. Glandular tissue makes up most of the pancreas (loose, lumpy) b. Green/yellow color due to bial Function a. Produces important enzymes and hormones (like insulin) that help break down food b. Releases juices into the bloodstream c. Regulates body glucose and sugar level mechanical &/or chemical digestion occurring Secretions produced??? Function of secretions??? Liver The liver is the largest gland in the body It has four lobes It has metabolic and regulatory roles Digestive function is to produce bile Bile: yellow-green, watery solution containing salts, pigments, cholesterol, phospholipids, and electrolytes Gallbladder Structure: A thin green sac that snuggles on the inferior surface of the liver Function: stores bile that is created by the liver and drain waste products from the liver Chemical: The bile that is created causes chemical digestion because it breaks down food Function of secretion: Nothing is secreted by the gallbladder, but bile helps with digestion.