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Transcript
Importance of Adequate and Balanced Nutrition Dr. Biplab K. Nandi Former Senior Food and Nutrition Officer Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; President, Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Advancement, Kolkata (SNEHA), India ILSI-India Conference on Managing Sweetness, Delhi 17 September 2009 Overview Food and Nutrition Security WFS and MDGs Key to Balanced Nutrition Nutritional Situation—Asia and World Double Burden of Malnutrition Food Based Strategies—Diversified Food Basket FAO Projects in support of Balanced Nutrition Concluding Remarks Food and Nutrition Security Four Dimensions of Food Security Nutritional Security Household Food Security WFS and MDGs WFS MDG 1 and other 7 MDGs Millennium Development Goals 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Achieve universal primary education Promote gender equality and empower women Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases Ensure environmental sustainability Development a global partnership for development Four Key to Balanced Nutrition Food Based Dietary Guidelines Macronutrients Micronutrients Hydration—Safe drinking water Plate Method—For portioning daily diet Suggested Portioning of Diet 50% of total calories from CHO 20% of total calories from fats Emphasis on Monounsaturated fats: olive, saffola etc. Green Leafy Vegetables Assorted Vegetables Fruits 6-8 glasses of water Protein (more of milk and milk products and pulses) Fish—Highly Recommended Whole grains (Brown rice) Important Considerations Access to safe and adequate nutritious Foods Four dimensions of Food and Nutrition Security Dietary Diversification and Food based approach Balancing Calories and Consuming Wide Variety of Foods Food for Balanced Nutrition and Health Promoting Nutrition, right from the childhood Life Cycle Approach FAO’s Mandate (founded in 1945) Raise levels of nutrition and standards of living Improve agricultural productivity Better the conditions of rural populations Contribute to the expansion of the world’s economy Prevalence of undernourishment Region No. (millions) undernourished % undernourished World 848 13 Developing countries 832 16 Asia 541.9 16 South Asia 313 21 Source : FAO, SOFI, 2008 Prevalence of undernourishment, South Asia Country No.(millions) % population undernourished undernourished Pakistan 35.0 Sri Lanka 4.0 27 21 15 23 21 South Asia (Total) 313.6 21 Bangladesh 40.1 India 230.5 Nepal 4.0 Source: FAO, SOFI,2008 (Data NA for Bhutan, Maldives) World Nutrition Situation IDA: affects more than 3.5 billion people VAD: 3.3 million U5s with clinical VAD and 75-140 million U5s with subclinical VAD IDD: 740 million people affected by goitre Global Malnutrition Situation—A Paradox FAO: 848 million undernourished WHO: 300 million obese adults and 115 million people in developing countries suffering from obesity-related conditions Double Burden of Malnutrition A real Paradox Undernutrition Diet related chronic diseases due to over nutrition—Diabetes, CHD, Some forms of Cancer Managing both through diet Adequate and Balanced Nutrition—the key Physical Activity Healthy Lifestyle ICN, WFS and Millennium Summit ICN & World Declaration of the Plan of Action for Nutrition including combating Hidden Hunger led to developing National Plans of Action for Nutrition (NPANs) International Alliance Against Hunger (IAAH) MDGs included nutrition and health as one of the cornerstones of development. Greater investment in nutrition linked agriculture and development strategies leads to improved health, in particular, has beneficial effects on next generation. FAO projects and Lessons Learnt in Asia Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China India Indonesia Lao PDR Nepal Philippines Sri Lanka Thailand Viet Nam Role of FAO in support of food based strategies Facilitates process for promoting supply, access and consumption of adequate quantity and quality of safe foods Primarily advocates dietary diversification and fortification Recognizes need for broad based supplementation (high risk areas) and public health measures Improve both micronutrient and overall nutritional status Share of food groups as percentage of DES(kcal/caput/day) B a ngla de s h C a m bo dia La o N e pa l M ya nm a r V ie t N a m Cereals Roots & Tubers Pulses & Nuts Fruits Vegetables Sugars Veg.oils Meat,Offal,Fish Milk &Eggs Animal fat Others Indo ne s ia T a jik is t a n D P R Ko re a Uzbe k is t a n India Ira n S riLa nk a P hilippine s C hina P a k is t a n T ha ila nd R e p.o f Ko re a Ka za k hs t a n M a la ys ia M o ngo lia F iji M a ldiv e s J a pa n Kiriba t i P a pua N e w G uine a Adapted from FBS, 2001 V a nua t u A us t ra lia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Recommendations and Conclusions Promote Nutrition Orientation to Food Production by incorporating nutrition considerations into development policies and programmes and agriculture in particular, including poverty reduction strategies National Food and Agriculture Policy to aim/strengthen achievement of balanced production and availability of a range of diverse foods Adequate and Balanced Nutrition Farm and not Pharmacy, approach Diversified Food Basket for Balancing Calorie Intake and Dietary Diversification Concluding Remarks Reference to National RDA and Food Pyramid Limiting Sugar Intake Eating more Whole Grains Avoiding Trans fats Limiting Saturated Fat Intake Eating 20% to 35% of daily calories from Fats Consuming monounsaturated and poly unsaturated Fats Ensuring Safety of Foods An Old Chinese Proverb REGARDLESS OF WHO THE FATHER OF A DISEASE IS SURELY ITS MOTHER IS IMPROPER DIET Another Saying Let Food be Our Medicine Contact [email protected] President Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Advancement (SNEHA) Kolkata, India THANK YOU For Your Kind Attention