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Download Anatomy nose bones external: nasal processes of frontal bones
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Anatomy nose bones external: nasal processes of frontal bones, nasal bones, frontal processes of maxillae internal: ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, pterygoid, palatine, maxilla, conchae, vomer arteries facial: lateral nasal branch and others superior labial: septal and alar branches ophthalmic: dorsal nasal and anterior and posterior ethmoidal branches maxillary: nasal branch of infraorbital branch, sphenopalatine branch innervation special sensory smell (I) through cribriform plate sensory external V1 via anterior ethmoidal and external nasal branches of the nasociliary nerve to bridge and tip V2 via nasal branches of infraorbital nerve internal external nasal and infraorbital branches to vestibule septum: V1 anterior ethmoidal branch anterosuperiorly, V2 nasopalatine branch from pterygopalatine ganglion posteroinferiorly lateral wall: V1 anterior ethmoidal, V2 anterior superior alveolar branch, posterior and inferior nasal branches and greater palatine nerves from pterygopalatine ganglion motor: VII to muscles of facial expression mouth innervation special sense VII to palate via greater petrosal nerve VII chorda tympani to lingual nerve supply anterior 2/3 of tongue IX to posterior 1/3 sensory V2 and V3 via infraorbital, superior alveolar, nasopalatine, greater and lesser palatine, buccal, lingual, inferior alveolar and mental nerves IX to posterior parts motor VII to muscles of facial expression V3 to tensor veli palatini and muscles of mastication IX, X and XI via pharyngeal plexus to palatoglossus XII to tongue and floor of mouth Head & Neck Anatomy 3.G.6.1 James Mitchell (December 24, 2003) Larynx Skeleton Hyoid bone above, firmly attached by 3 thyrohyoid ligaments and thyrohyoid membrane Three unpaired midline cartilages Thyroid cartilage Two laminae, fused in midline Superior border attached to hyoid Posterior borders attached to stylopharyngeus and palatopharyngeus External surface attached to sternothyroid, thyrohyoid and inferior constrictor muscles Inferior synovial joint with cricoid posteriorly and lateral and median cricothyroid ligaments Internally attached to stem of epiglottis, vocal and vestibular ligaments and thyroarytenoid, thyroepiglottic and vocalis muscles Cricoid cartilage Complete ring of cartilage at level of C6 Attached to thyroid cartilage above Inferior attachment to trachea Posterior insertion of oesophageal muscle Posterolateral origin of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle Lateral and anterior origin of cricothyroid and inferior constrictor Superior edge origin of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle and posteriorly articulation with arytenoid cartilages Epiglottis Leaf-shaped elastic cartilage Inserts into thyroid cartilage Anterior attachment to hyoepiglottic ligament Median and lateral glossoepiglottic folds attach to tongue Lateral aryepiglottic folds Three paired cartilages Arytenoids Tetrahedral cartilages Anterior vocal process attaches to vocal ligament Lateral muscular process attaches to posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles Posterior surface attaches to transverse arytenoid muscle (to other arytenoid) Anterolateral attachment to vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscle Rotates to open or close vocal cords Cuneiforms Corniculates Contained in aryepiglottic folds Muscles Extrinsic Move the larynx Intrinsic Sphincter muscles Transverse and oblique arytenoid, and aryepiglottic muscles bring the opening of the larynx closed Muscles of vocal folds Tensing of vocal cords by cricothyroid Slackening of vocal folds by thyroarytenoid and vocalis muscles Adduction of vocal folds by lateral cricoarytenoid and transverse arytenoid muscles Head & Neck Anatomy 3.G.6.2 James Mitchell (December 24, 2003) Abduction of vocal cords by posterior cricoarytenoid muscles All supplied by recurrent laryngeal nerve except cricothyroid (external laryngeal nerve). Fibres from XI travelling in X. Sensory innervation X internal laryngeal nerve above vocal cords X recurrent laryngeal nerve below vocal cords Head & Neck Anatomy 3.G.6.3 James Mitchell (December 24, 2003)
