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Ch. 13
MEDICAL WORDS
BODY PLANES – FIGURE 13-1 PG 346

Sagittal:
Vertical plane from front to back
 Divides left and right


Transverse:
Horizontal plane
 Divides upper and lower


Coronal/Frontal:
Vertical plane
 Divides front/back or anterior/posterior

ANATOMICAL DIRECTIONS
Anterior: in front of
 Posterior: in back of
 Superior: above
 Inferior: below
 Distal: further from center of body
 Proximal: closer to center of body
 Medial: towards the midline
 Lateral: away from the midline

VOCABULARY

Mechanism of Injury (MOI): mechanical
description of the cause of injury
 How

did it happen
Symptom (Sx): change that indicates
injury/disease
 Subjective/described

by patient
Sign (Sx): Indicator of a disease
 Objective/observable
VOCABULARY
Abduction: move away from midline of body
 Adduction: move towards midline of body

Eversion: turning outward
 Inversion: turning inward

Extension: to straighten joint
 Flexion: to bend joint

VOCABULARY
Internal Rotation: rotary motion towards midline
 External Rotation: rotary motion away from
midline

Pronation: sole or palm is rotated downward
 Supination: sole or palm is rotated upward

VOCABULARY
Valgus: deviation of distal part of joint away
from midline
 Varus: deviation of distal part of joint towards
midline

VOCABULARY

Active Range of Motion (AROM):
 Motion

w/ muscle contraction
Passive Range of Motion (PROM):
 Motion
w/ no muscle contraction; performed
completely by examiner
UNIT SUMMARY
What is the difference between distal and
proximal?
 What is the difference between medial and
lateral?
 What is the difference between pronation and
supination?
 What is the difference between AROM and
PROM?
