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TECHNOLOGY GUIDE Green IT ONE The Way Forward to Achieving Environmental Sustainability Professor San Murugesan Faculty of Management [email protected] San Murugesan 1 What’s Green IT? Green IT refers to environmentally sound IT. “Study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing computers efficiently and effectively with minimal impact on the environment.” -- San Murugesan Thus, green IT adds the dimensions of: 1. environmental sustainability 2. the economics of energy efficiency, and 3. the total cost of ownership, which includes the cost of disposal and recycling. San Murugesan 2 “Science is always wrong. It never solves a problem without creating ten more.” - George Bernard Shaw San Murugesan 3 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND PROBLEMS The growing accumulation of greenhouse gases is changing the world’s climate and weather patterns For instance, the year 2005 was the warmest on record, and the 10 warmest years have all occurred since 1980. Global data shows that storms, droughts, and other weather-related disasters are growing more severe and more frequent. To stop the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Electricity is a major source of climate change as it is generated by burning coal or oil, which releases carbon dioxide, pollutants and sulfur into the atmosphere. These emissions can cause respiratory disease, smog, acid rain, and global climate change. San Murugesan 4 The Environmental Impacts of IT IT, too, affects the environment in several different ways. Each stage of computer’s life — from manufacture to use to disposal — presents environmental problems. • Manufacture of computers and its various components consumes electricity, requires raw materials, chemicals, and water, and generates hazardous waste. • Computers, and cooling systems that cool the data centers consume electrical energy, and the total energy consumption is increasing. The increase in energy consumption results in increased greenhouse gas emissions. • Computer components contain toxic materials, which usually just get thrown out in the end. Most of this ends up in landfills, polluting the earth and contaminating water. The increased amount of computers and their use, along with frequent replacement, makes the environmental impact of IT a major concern. San Murugesan 5 Going Green with IT: Your Responsibility Towards Environmental Sustainability There is increasing pressure on the IT industry and the users - businesses, and individuals — to make IT environmentally friendly throughout its lifecycle — from birth to death to rebirth. As many believe, it is our social and corporate responsibility to safeguard our planet/environment. San Murugesan 6 Green IT On our part, we — IT professionals and industry, businesses, and users — can, and must, individually and collectively create a sustainable environment. Let’s examine IT’s the environmental impact and then look at green IT measures that we can adopt. San Murugesan 7 Green IT: Focus Areas Focus areas include: 1. Design for environmental sustainability 2. Energy-efficient computing 3. Power management 4. Data center design, layout, and location 5. Server virtualization 6. Responsible disposal and recycling 7. Regulatory compliance 8. Green metrics, assessment tools and methodology 9. Environment-related risk mitigation 10. Use of alternative energy sources 11. Eco-labeling of IT products San Murugesan 8 IT Vendors are Turning to Green IT A growing number of IT vendors are moving toward green IT. • Supplying “Green Computers” - design, manufacture, recycle • Tools to minimise and measure energy consumption, environmental pollution Thereby they assist in building a green society and a green economy San Murugesan 9 A Holistic Approach to Green IT Green Use of IT Systems Green Manufacturing of IT Systems GREEN IT Green Design of IT Systems Green Disposal of IT Systems Source: San Murugesan, IT Professional, 2008 San Murugesan 11 A Holistic Approach to Green IT Green Use of IT Systems Green Manufacturing of IT Systems GREEN IT Green Design of IT Systems San Murugesan Green Disposal of IT Systems 12 A Holistic Approach to Green IT Green Use of IT Systems Green Manufacturing of IT Systems GREEN IT Green Design of IT Systems San Murugesan Green Disposal of IT Systems 13 Green your computer’s entire lifecycle Green Design Use reprocessed Green manufacture material of computers Reuse parts Redeploy, reuse Use computers judiciously Recycle, reprocess materials Refurbish, upgrade Dispose Donate San Murugesan 14 Green Attitude: The First Step in Sustaining our Planet Businesses and individuals must develop a positive attitude toward addressing environmental concerns and adopt forward-looking, green-friendly policies and practices. San Murugesan 15 Green IT Strategy & Policy Enterprise Green IT Strategy: Each enterprise must develop a holistic, comprehensive green IT strategy • Tactical incremental approach. • Strategic approach. • Deep green approach. Green Supply Chain San Murugesan 16 Using IT for Environmental Sustainability Besides IT itself being green, it can support and leverage other environmental initiatives by offering innovative modeling, simulation, and decision support tools, such as: 1. Software tools for analyzing, modeling, and simulating environmental impact, and environmental risk management; 2. Platforms for eco-management, emission trading, or ethical investing; 3. Tools for auditing and reporting energy consumption and savings and for monitoring greenhouse gas emissions; 4. Environmental knowledge management systems, 5. Urban environment planning tools and systems; 6. Technologies and standards for interoperable environmental monitoring networks and smart in situ sensors networks San Murugesan 17 Using IT to Create Green Awareness IT could help create green awareness among IT professionals, businesses, and the general public by assisting in building communities, engaging groups in participatory decisions, and supporting education and green advocacy campaigns. San Murugesan 18 The Way Forward: The Avenues 1. IT becoming Greener 2. Green IT Strategy & Policy – and Adoption 3. IT for Improving and leveraging Environmental Sustainability 4. Using IT for creating green awareness San Murugesan 19 Discussion San Murugesan 20 Resources San Murugesan, “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices”, IEEE IT Pro, Jan-Feb 2008. San Murugesan 22