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Ethnic Identity Packet
Ethic Identity Activity
How do you culturally identify?
What has been your exposure to your community?
How closely do you affiliate to your community?
What was the make-up of your high school?
Who were your peers in high school? Has your social group changed?
Have you visited your parents country of origin?
In relation to the models we have discussed in class, how do you feel about your ethnic identity?
Are you bicultural, ethnocentric or Eurocentric?
Class Lecture
Ethnic Identity – is a set of self ideas specifically
related to one’s ethnic group membership. It is
directly one’s own knowledge of personal ownership
or membership in the ethnic group, and the correlated
knowledge, understanding, values, behaviors, and
proud feelings that are a direct implication of ethnic
identity.
•
Ethnic identity has been described as a selfconcept such as self-esteem, and selfconceptualization (Riojas, 2001, p. 72).
•
Tajfel defines it as “‘that part of an individual’s
self-concept which derives from his knowledge
of his membership of a social group (or groups)
together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership’”
(McNeill, 2001, p. 274)
•
Ethnic identity for adolescents whose parents are immigrants is different amongst other
adolescents because these adolescents have to adjust to their own culture at home while
in the same time adjusting to the dominant culture in the school and social setting
(Phinney et al, 2001, p. 135).
Acculturation process - defined as adopting culture practices and characteristics from the
dominant culture, tends to be an important factor for ethnic identity (Pizarro & Vera, 2001, p. 9293).
Acculturation – the product of cultural learning that occurs as a result of contact between the
members of two or more culturally distinct groups. It is a process of attitudinal and behavioral
change undergone, willingly or unwillingly, by individuals who reside in multicultural settings.
–
“acculturation plays an important role in the psychological adjustment of
Latinos” (Azara, 1999, p. 18). Marin also believes that acculturation influences
ethnic identity (Azara, 1999, p. 18)
– Marin’s states that people who were acculturated were more likely to self-identify
as ‘bi-ethnic,’ in other words, biracial.
Enculturation is the process where people know their “ethnic role behaviors” such as
celebrations and certain preferences such as foods, and encompasses feelings as well (Pizarro &
Vera, 2001, p. 92).
Assimilation is the process where an individual loses his or her traditions, customs, values and
the like and take over the dominant groups traditions, values, and customs (Pizarro & Vera,
2001, p. 93).
Biculturalism - An integration of two cultures, is also tied to ethnic identity. Biculturalism
signifies as to what extent the person is willing to preserve his or her Spanish language (Azara,
1999, p. 19).
– Integrated school, bicultural
– More racial tension – more likely to identify as Latino
Additional Commentaries from Readings – Ethnic Identity
Ethnic identity content and process: Ethnic identity formation vs. ethnic identity
Content of ethnic identity- actual ethnic behaviors that individuals practice along with their
attitudes toward their ethnic group.
Process of ethnic identity – the way in which individuals come to understand the implications of
their ethnicity and make decisions about its role in their lives.
Enculturation – the socialization process by which individuals acquire either by generalized
learning in a particular cultural milieu or as a result of a specific instsruction or training) the host
of cultural and psychological qualities that are necessary to function as a member of one’s group.
Cultural transmission:
Vertical – stemming from one’s parents
Horizontal – peers
Oblique – from other adults and institutions
Acculturation – the product of cultural learning that occurs as a result of contact between the
members of two or more culturally distinct groups. It is a process of attitudinal and behavioral
change undergone, willingly or unwillingly, by individuals who reside in multicultural settings.
Ethnic Identity – is a set of self ideas specifically related to one’s ethnic group membership. It
is directly one’s own knowledge of personal ownership or membership in the ethnic group, and
the correlated knowledge, understanding, values, behaviors, and proud feelings that are a direct
implication of ethnic identity.
Racial Cultural Identity Development
Model: RCID
Conformity
Dissonance
Resistance and Immersion
Introspection
Synergistic
Crisis and Resolution - Ruiz, 1990
Casual Stage
Cognitive Stage
Consequence Stage
Working Through Stage
Successful Resolution Stage
ETHNIC IDENTITY LECTURE NOTES – NON-INCLUSIVE OF ALL MATERIAL
Biculturalism - Ramirez, 1993
 Synthesized Multicultural
• attitudes and functions
 Functional multicultural/mainstream orientation
• function in both, feels more comfortable in mainstream, more commitment to main
 Functional multicltural/ Latino orientation
• function in both, more com. with Latino
 Monocultural
• function in Latino, more self assured with own group
 Assimilation, acculturation, pluralism
Canul, 1994
ETHNIC IDENTITY LECTURE NOTES – NON-INCLUSIVE OF ALL MATERIAL
Castellanos, 2002