Download Anterior triangle

Anterior triangle
Prepared by
Muhammad Mustafa yousafzai
Anterior triangle
• The anterior triangle is situated at the
front of the neck.
• It is bounded:
• Superiorly – Inferior border of the
mandible (jawbone)
• Laterally – Medial border of the
sternocleidomastoid
• Medially – Imaginary sagittal line down
midline of body
Boundries
• The triangle is inverted with its apex
inferior to its base which is under the
chin.
• Inferior boundary (apex) Jugular notch in
the manubrium of the sturnum
• Anterior boundary Midline of the neck
from chin to the jugular notch
•
• Posterior boundary The anterior
margin of Sternocleidomastoideus
• Superior boundary (base) The lower
border of the body of the mandible,
and a line extending from the angle of
the mandible to the mastoid process
• The muscles in this part of the neck are
divided as to where they lie in relation to
the hyoid bone.
• There are four suprahyoid muscles
(stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, and
geniohyoid) and four infrahyoid muscles
(omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and
sternothyroid)
content
• Vasculature:
• common carotid artery which
bifurcates into external and internal
carotid artery within the triangle.
• Internal jugular vein drains the head
and neck.
Nerves :
• fascial 7
• Glossopharyngeal 9
• Vagus 10
• Accessory 11
• Hypoglossal 12
Subdivisions
• 4 subdivisions
• 1) carotid triangle
• 2)submental triangle
• 3)submandibular triangle
• 4)muscular triangle
Carotid triangle
• The carotid triangle of the neck has
the following boundaries:
• Superior: Posterior belly of the
digastric muscle
• Lateral: Medial border of the
sternocleidomastoid muscle
• Inferior: Superior belly of the
omohyoid muscle
content
• Common carotid artery
• Internal jugular vein
• Hypoglossal and vagus nerve
Carotid triangle
Clinical relevance
• Superficial
• Carotid sinus
• Containing baroreceptors
• Sinus nerve of hering branch of
glossopharyngeal nerve to medulla.
Carotid sinus
Submental triangle
• The submental triangle in the neck is
situated underneath the chin. Its main
content is the;
• Submental lymph nodes, which filter
lymph draining from the floor of the
mouth and parts of the tongue.
Boundries
• It is bounded:
• Inferiorly – Hyoid bone.
• Medially – Imaginary sagittal midline of
the neck.
• Laterally – Anterior belly of the digastric.
• The base of the submental triangle is
formed by the mylohyoid muscle, which
runs from the mandible to the hyoid
bone.
Submental triangle
Diagastric muscle
Submandibular triangle
• The submandibular triangle is located
underneath the body of the mandible.
• Contents;
• It contains the submandibular gland
(salivary), and lymph nodes.
• The facial artery and vein also pass
through this area.
boundries
• The boundaries of the submandibular
triangle are:
• Superiorly: Body of the mandible
• Anteriorly: Anterior belly of the
digastric muscle
• Posteriorly: Posterior belly of the
digastric muscle
Submandibular triangle
Muscular triangle
• This anatomical area is situated more
inferior than the triangular sub-divisions.
It is a slightly dubious triangle, in reality
having four boundaries.
• The muscular triangle is also unique in
containing no vessels of note. It does
however contain some muscles – the
infrahyoid muscles, the pharynx, and the
thyroid, parathyroid glands.
Boundries
• The boundaries of the muscular triangle
are:
• Superiorly: The hyoid bone
• Medially: Imaginary midline of the neck
• Supero-laterally: Superior belly of the
omhyoid muscle
• Infero-laterally: Inferior portion of the
sternocleidomastoid muscle.