Download 台湾问题与当前中美关系

The Taiwan Problem in
China-US Relations
Guo Xuetang
Department of International Studies
& Public Administration
SHUPL
1，China-US Policy Framework over
Taiwan Issue
•
•
Taiwan issue is the most sensitive issue between China
and US, and the U.S.-Taiwan defense relationship is
probably the most controversial aspect of the
relationship between US and China (PRC).
Three Sino-U.S. communiques guiding China and the
U.S.’ policies in dealing with the Taiwan problem.
a)
b)
c)
the Feb.1972 Shanghai Communique
the 1978 Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic
Relations
the August 17, 1982 Joint Communique
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• The U.S. Congress enacted the Taiwan
Relations Act in 1979 to continue commercial,
cultural, and other relations between the people
of the U.S. and the people on Taiwan, and to
make commitment of defend Taiwan if China
uses force to achieve reunification.
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• The three Sino-U.S. Communiques and the TRA provide
a framework for the U.S. in dealing with the dynamic
ambiguities that exist across the Taiwan Strait.
• In 1972, as the Shanghai Communique states, one
ambiguity was that all Chinese on either side of the
Taiwan Strait maintain that there is but one China and
that Taiwan is a part of China. Now, 30 years
later,particularly Taiwan’s democratization and
Taiwanese cultural identity fuel a growing debate in the
United States.
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• One issue is whether the established “One-China”
framework promulgated in the three communiques
and the TRA is sufficient to maintain cross-strait
peace, prosperity, and stability-or whether past
frameworks and ambiguities must be redefined in
the face of current and future challenges.
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• Another issue is whether ambiguities inherent within, and
integral to, the frameworks provided by these past
agreements and understandings now contribute to crossstrait stability or instability.
The Taiwan Strait is one of the most dangerous military flashpoints in the
world, and perhaps the most complex and challenging future foreign and
defense policy issue facing the United States in the Asia-Pacific region.
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2, Mainland China’s Taiwan Policy
•
Jiang Zemin's Eight-point Proposal in 1995
a) Adhering to the principle of one China is the basis
and prerequisite for peaceful reunification.
b) We do not have objections to the development of
nongovernmental economic and cultural ties
between Taiwan and other countries.
c) It has been our consistent stand to hold negotiations
with Taiwan authorities on the peaceful reunification
of the motherland.
d) We shall try our best to achieve the peaceful
reunification of China since Chinese should not fight
Chinese.
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e) Challenged with world economic development in the 21st
century, we shall spare no effect to develop economic
exchange and cooperation between the two sides
separated by the Taiwan Straits so that both sides enjoy a
flourishing economy and the whole Chinese nation
benefits.
f) The splendid culture of 5,000 years created by the sons
and daughters of all ethnic groups of China has become
ties keeping the entire Chinese people close at heart and
constitutes an important basis for the peaceful
reunification of the motherland. People on both sides
should jointly inherit and carry forward the fine traditions of
the culture.
g) The 21 million Taiwan people, whether born there or in
other provinces, are Chinese and our own flesh and blood.
h) We welcome leaders of Taiwan to visit the mainland in
their proper status.
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3, “Wang-Koo Talk” in Singapore in April 1993
• In April 1993, Wang and Koo held in Singapore the first ever
high-level, non-governmental talks between Taiwan and the
mainland. The talks were known as the Wang-Koo meeting.
• the 1992 Consensus.
• In 1998 they held the second talks in Shanghai.
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4, President Clinton’s Three No’s Principles
on Taiwan Issue
• In during his visit in Shanghai in June 1998, U.S.
President Clinton reaffirmed U.S. adherence to
the "Three No's" principles on Taiwan.
• the United States does not support independence for
Taiwan, or "one China, one Taiwan," or "two Chinas,"
or its membership in any international bodies whose
members are sovereign states.
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5, “The One-China Principle and the Taiwan
Issue” White Paper in Feb. 2000
• The Taiwan question is the most crucial and most sensitive
issue in the relations between China and the United States.
• The three Sino-US joint communiques are the basis for the
healthy and steady development of relations between the two
countries. For over 20 years, the United States has promised
to adhere to a One-China Policy, which has brought to itself
benefits such as the establishment of diplomatic relations with
China, the development of Sino-US relations and the relative
stability of the Taiwan situation.
• Regrettably, the United States has repeatedly contravened its
solemn understandings with China made in the August 17
Communique and continued its sale of advanced arms and
military equipment to Taiwan.
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6, The anti-secession law in 2005
• China has said the law is by no means a so-called "law on
the use of force against Taiwan" or a so-called "war
mobilization order." China would only use "non-peaceful
means" to stop Taiwan'ssecession should all efforts for a
peaceful reunification prove futile.
NPC deputies applaud when the National People's Congress adopted
the Anti-Secession Law 2,896 to nil in Beijing Monday.
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我们曾经顶过美国的肚子。抗美援朝把美
国顶了一下，它想跨过鸭绿江，我们把它
顶回到三八线。我们在台湾问题上，总有
一天也要把美国从台湾顶走的。
——毛泽东，1955年10月15日
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7, Peace and Development: the theme
of cross-Straits relations
• "Taiwan independence" does not lead to peace,
nor national dismemberment to stability.
• Positive changes have taken place in Taiwan
and the cross-strait relationship has witnessed
sound development
• Peace and development should be the theme of
cross-Straits relations, and the common goal of
the people both in the mainland and Taiwan
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Hu Jintao (R), General Secretary of the Communist Party of China
Central Committee, shakes hands with Kuomintang (KMT) Chairman
Wu Poh-hsiung at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, capital of
China, on May 28, 2008. Hu Jintao met with Wu Poh-hsiung and all
the members of the visiting KMT group.
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Thanks