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Y8 Revision for Film Elements of music - DR PATT SMITH DYNAMICS RHYTHM PITCH ARTICULATION TEXTURE TEMPO STRUCTURE MELODY INSTRUMENTATION TONALITY HARMONY Volume - loud or quiet A pattern of long and short notes and rests High or low Smooth or detached How many layers of sound you can hear Speed Sections of a piece (intro, chorus, A, B etc.) Tune – the main part (does is ascend/descend etc.) What instruments and voices are used (TIMBRE) Major key (happy) or Minor key (sad/serious) Accompaniment or backing notes (chords/bass line etc.) Watch some scenes from films with music composed by John Williams and Hans Zimmer. See how the music affects the atmosphere. This is created using elements of music and musical devices. Fanfares – a compositional device for heroic music featuring notes C G C E G B flat C, on brass instruments, ascending (small leaps) and repeating rhythmic patterns Spooky devices – semitones (the smallest interval – ‘Jaws’), dissonance, discord, cluster chord, crescendo (gradually getting louder), accelerando (get gradually faster) minor tonality, extremes of pitch Motif – a short, repeated melodic fragment, often representing a character. Poly rhythm – many rhythms at once Syncopation – off beat rhythm Pulse – a steady beat Timing – control of the beat Blues (from Y7) Instruments-Voice, saxophone, clarinet, double bass, drum kit, trumpet, trombone, piano, banjo, guitar, tuba Articulation – staccato (detached/spiky) or legato (smooth) (for strings – pizzicato/con arco) Blue notes – flattened melody notes (note 3, 5, 7 of the scale) Typical Features-Slow tempo, 12 bar blues structure (4 bars x 3 lines) 12 bar blues in C chord pattern: C C C C F F C C G F C C Instruments of the Orchestra (from Y7) The director of the orchestra is called the Conductor Strings (from high pitch to low) Violin Viola Cello Double Bass Brass Trumpet French Horn Trombone (Slide) Tuba Woodwind Piccolo Flute Oboe Clarinet Bassoon Percussion Xylophone Glockenspiel Timpani/kettle drums Bass drum
