Download Intervals

Intervals
Simple & Compound
Intervals with Accidentals
Dissonance & Consonance
Simple Intervals
• Intervals less than an octave
Major & Perfect Intervals
Minor & Perfect Intervals
Number of semitones between
each interval
Compound Intervals
 Intervals larger than an octave

Ex. add a M3 to an octave, we form a major 10th
Spelling Intervals with
Accidentals
 If the new intervals is the same size as the natural interval
using the same notes, both pitches will have the same
accidental.
 If the new interval is one half step larger than the natural
intervals using the same notes, the upper note will have a sharp
or the lower note will have a flat.
Spelling Intervals with
Accidentals
Spelling Intervals with
Accidentals
 If the new intervals is one half step smaller than the natural
interval using the same notes, the upper note will have a flat or
the lower note will have a sharp
Create the interval of a diminished 5th (d5) above G4.
What accidentals do you need to use?
Create the interval of a minor 6th (m6) below D5.
Create the interval of a perfect 4th (P4) below B3.
Interval Inversion
 Some intervals share a quality that sets the apart from the
sounds of other intervals


P4 and P5 have sonic characteristics such that they sound very
similar
The P4 is a P5 upside-down – inverted; therefore these dyads are
closely related by interval inversion
Interval Inversion
 The same two pitches are used, but the size of the interval has
changed
 P5 + P4 = P8; the total number of half steps they contain is 12.
 If the classes of two intervals add up to 9 (or an octave) they
are inversions of each other
 The inversion of a perfect interval is a perfect interval
 The inversion of a major interval is a minor interval, and vice
versa
 The inversion of an augmented interval is diminished, and vice
versa
Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
 Consonance and dissonance is determined by the mathematic
ratios between two pitches. Our sense of consonance or
dissonance is also influenced strongly by music context, but
varies from culture to culture and period to period.
 In common-practice Western art music, intervals are sorted
into consonant (either perfect or imperfect) and dissonant.
Consonant and Dissonant Intervals
 Perfect Consonances include:

Perfect Unison (PU), Perfect Octave (P8), and Perfect 5 (P5)
 Imperfect Consonances include:

M/m 3rd and M/m 6th
 Dissonant intervals include:
 M/m 2nd and M/m 7th
The perfect 4 and the tritone are generally considered dissonant, but
may be considered consonant in some contexts.