Download Civil War: The Military Campaigns Directions: Use 3

Civil War: The Military Campaigns
Directions: Use 3-5 minutes to double check this subject’s Power School for your class grade and work listings
verifying that all work is caught up. Read and heed embedded messages. Next, research your part of the
following topics and figure out answers to the questions. Write your questions and detailed answers on lined
paper or your notebook paper. These questions and related answers are required to be handed in, once the
class discussion is completed. You are expected to use the time completely, be through and become
knowledgeable. Write down any puzzles you have related to the material on your paper and bring them up
during the class discussion. Warning: If you are found to be using your research time for other things, it will
hurt your learning and grade. If you think or claim to be done, you are not! Once your assigned part is ready,
then help others on your team or study the test resources from Mr. Spitzer’s web page for the upcoming test. No
games, non-topic talk or other activities allowed during research time. The class will research as much as
time allows before team sharing and whole class discussion. Since there is always more to learn, Mr. Spitzer
encourages you to look into this topic more on your own time. Your class work grade includes: 1. Entire use of
time while researching. 2. Answer questions & pay attention during team sharing. 3. Paying attention &
participate during class discussion. 4. Turning in your readable questions & notes. Team members who do
not do their share, provide hasty sloppy answers, disrupt others and use time ineffectively in the four
grade aspects will be removed from the team and required to write out and turn in all answers on their
own for the grade.
Topics to Research
Lincoln’s Election
Southern States set up Confederacy
Map of the sides North and South
Fort Sumter and mobilization
Southern War Strategy
Anaconda Plan and consequences
Ironclads
War Theaters
Blockade Runners and Commerce Raiders
Eastern War Theater 1861-62 plus generals
Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville 1862-1863 plus generals
Gettysburg
Western War Theater 1861-62 plus generals
Battle of Shiloh, New Orleans, Battle of Island Number 10 plus leadership
Vicksburg Campaigns December 1862 – July 1863 plus leadership
Battles of Tullahoma, Chickamauga and Chattanooga
Atlanta Campaign
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Grant vs. Lee
Battle of the Wilderness and Battle of Spotsylvania Court House & Bloody Angle
Cold Harbor
Siege of Petersburg and Battle of the Crater
Shenandoah Valley in 1864-65
Appomattox, 1865
Questions to be able to discuss
1. Why was Abraham Lincoln’s election in November 1860 the final trigger for
secession of the Southern States from the Union?
2. Which seven Deep South cotton states seceded by February 1861? Describe
the name and the government set up by these states on February 4, 1861.
Who became president of these seceded states? In his April 29, 1861
message to the Confederate Congress what reasons did Jefferson Davis cite as
causes of the Southern secession?
3. Show on the wall map the Northern States and territories, the Border States
and the Confederate states. Describe consequence of Virginia’s decision to
secede. How did Lincoln prevent Maryland and The District of Columbia
from seceding?
4. Describe the first battle of the Civil War at Fort Sumter including location,
causes of the battle, the events of the battle and outcome of the battle.
Describe the mobilization of the Southern armies after Fort Sumter. Describe
the mobilization of the Northern armies after Fort Sumter.
5. Describe the Southern overall strategy to win the Civil War.
6. Describe each part of General Winfield Scott’s Anaconda Plan to fight the Civil
War for the North. What did this plan mean for the Union Navy? What was
the eventual economic impact on the South?
7. The Union and Confederate Navies innovated to better fight the war.
Describe the design of the USS Monitor. Describe the design of the CSS
Virginia (Merrimack). Detail the entire fight of these ironclads against each
other and the outcome. What was the historical importance of this battle?
8. What were the two great theaters of fighting in the Civil War? Show them on
the wall map. What fighting went on in the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the
War including fighting in Missouri, Indian Territory and New Mexico
Territory?
9. Describe in general the Blockade Runners and their efforts to supply the
South during the Civil War. Research the CSS Sumter and detail it’s exploits.
Also detail the exploits commerce raider CSS Alabama.
10. Outline the 1861-late 1862 Eastern War Theater operations and show
locations on the wall map. Outline the Peninsula Campaign of 1862. Outline
the battles in northern Virginia and Maryland in 1862. Give names of the top
generals in these battles.
11. Describe the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville 1862-1863. Give
names of the top generals in these battles.
12. Why did Lee invade Pennsylvania in 1863? Describe the Battle of Gettysburg
and its outcome. Who was the commanding Union General?
13. Outline the 1861-late 1862 Western War Theater operations and show
locations on the wall map. Give names of the top generals and admirals in
these operations.
14. Describe the several days of the Battle of Shiloh and the outcome. Describe
the battle to capture New Orleans. Describe the Battle of Island Number 10.
Give names of the top generals and admirals in these operations.
15. Describe the Vicksburg Campaigns December 1862 – July 1863, both the first
and second campaigns. Give the names of the top generals and admirals of
these campaigns.
16. Where were the battles of Tullahoma, Chickamauga and Chattanooga from
June-December 1863? Outline the battles and give the names of the top
generals in these operations.
17. Describe the Atlanta Campaign from May-September 1864. Who were the
top generals in these battles?
18. Describe Sherman’s March to the Sea from November – December 1864.
Why is this march historically important?
19. Outline and locate on the wall map the many battles between Grant and Lee
in 1864-65.
20. Describe the Battle of the Wilderness and outcome. Describe the Battle of
Spotsylvania Court House and outcome. Describe the action at Bloody Angle.
21. Describe the Battle of Cold Harbor and outcome. How did Grant loose 12,000
men? What did Grant do anyways?
22. Describe the Siege of Petersburg in 1864-65. What was the style of warfare
and why was this historically important? Describe the events related to the
Battle of the Crater including how the battle came about, the combat and the
outcome.
23. Outline the fighting in the Shenandoah Valley in 1864-65. Who were the
generals and was the outcome?
24. How did Grant break Lee’s line in late March and early April 1865? Describe
the race and battles between Lee and Grant forces during Lee’s retreat.
Describe Lee’s final attack at Appomattox on April 9th and surrender.
25. What were the terms of surrender? What was the importance of Lee’s
surrender? When and where was the actual last fight of the Civil War?
26. What were the costs of the war? Give the death toll for each side. Give the
wounded numbers for each side. Give the grand total numbers of dead and
wounded for the re-united United States Civil War. What were the economic
costs of the war? Include in this part government money spending on each
side as well as physical damage costs. What were the human costs?
Critical Thinking
27. Compare the war aims and military strategy of the North and South. Why
were the Southern goals more clearly defined than those of the North?
28. If you had been a southern sympathizer in 1862, why would you have
thought that the Confederacy might win the war? Support with examples.
29. What was the significance of the battles at Gettysburg and Vicksburg?
30. General Sherman’s attitude toward the South was severe. He believed that
old and young, rich and poor, should feel the hard hand of war. His goal was
to destroy the enemy’s will to fight –whether they were soldiers or civilians.
This is called “total war.” Do you accept this attitude? Why or why not?
31. Compare the death tolls in American lives lost in the following list of wars to
the Civil War (Make a Chart): Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Mexican
American War, Spanish American War, World War I, World War II, Korean
War, Vietnam War, Afghanistan and Iraq Wars, Indian Wars, and other
conflicts. Add up all the deaths in all the listed wars and compare the grand
total to the Civil War. Write about your findings.