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BONES OF UPPER EXTREMITY Sternum Manubrium: Sternal (jugular) notch Clavicular and costal facets Sternal angle (of Louis): Marks location of second ribs. Body of sternum: Sternebrae Xiphoid process Clavicle: Shape Sigmoid Convex anteriorly Concave posteriorly Clavicle: Ligament Attachments Sternal end of clavicle to first costal cartilage: Costoclavicular ligament Conoid tubercle: Conoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament Trapezoid line: Trapezoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament Clavicle: Muscle Attachments Deltoid Pectoralis major Trapezius Sternocleidomastoid Subclavius Scapula Crosses ribs 2 through 7 in anatomical position. Scapula: Posterior Surface Scapular spine Supraspinous fossa Infraspinous fossa Spinoglenoid notch Medial (vertebral border) Superior angle Inferior angle Scapula: Anterior Surface Subscapular fossa Scapular (suprascapular) notch Scapula: Coracoid Process Muscle attachments: Biceps brachii brevis Coracobrachialis Pectoralis minor Scapular Processes Acromion process Glenoid process: Articulation with head of humerus. Supraglenoid tubercle: Biceps brachii longus tendon Infraglenoid tubercle: Triceps longus Humerus Anatomical neck Surgical neck Head Medial supracondylar ridge (crest) Lateral supracondylar ridge (crest) Medial epicondyle Lateral epicondyle Deltoid tuberosity Humerus: Anterior Surface Greater tubercle (tuberosity): Superior facet (for supraspinatus muscle) Middle facet (for infraspinatus muscle) Inferior facet (for teres minor muscle) Lesser tubercle (tuberosity): For subscapularis muscle Intertubercular groove: For latissimus dorsi muscle Humerus: Anterior Surface Crest of greater tubercle (lateral lip): For pectoralis major muscle Crest of lesser tubercle (medial lip): For teres major muscle Radial fossa Coronoid fossa Capitulum Trochlea Humerus: Posterior Surface Spiral (radial) groove: For radial nerve and deep brachial artery Origin of lateral triceps superior to groove Origin of medial triceps inferior to groove Olecranon fossa Radius Head Articulates with capitulum of humerus Fovea Neck Just distal to head Styloid process Distal, lateral process Articular surface for scaphoid bone Articular surface for lunate bone Radius Ulnar notch At distal end of radius on medial side Interosseous margin On medial side For attachment of interosseous membrane Anterior margin Radial tuberosity (bicipital tuberosity) Insertion for biceps brachii muscle Radius Posterior margin Dorsal tubercle Groove to extensor pollicis longus is lateral. Groove for extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis is medial. Groove for extensor digitorum and indicis muscles Ulna Interosseous margin Head (distal) Styloid process Distal, medial Radial notch At proximal end Ulna Trochlear notch: Articulates with trochlea of humerus Coronoid process Tuberosity Anterior border Ulna Supinator fossa Supinator crest Posterior border Olecranon process: For insertion of triceps Carpus Proximal row of bones (radial to ulnar): Scaphoid: Tubercle of scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform: Sesamoid bone in tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris Carpus Distal row of bones (radial to ulnar): Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate: Hook of hamate (hamulus) Carpometacarpal joint (CMC) Metacarpals Carpus Metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) Phalanges Proximal: Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) Middle: Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) Distal: