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[The Wonderful Wildlife of Samloem] [Date] PROJECT PROPOSAL Mapping Koh Rong Samloems ecosystem and the benefits it provides to develop more sustainable practices on the island This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm I. SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 3 II. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 4 III. NEEDS/PROBLEMS ............................................................................................. 5 IV. GOALS/OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................... 7 V. PROCEDURES/SCOPE OF WORK .................................................................. 8 VI. TIMETABLE ..........................................................................................................11 VII. BUDGET .................................................................................................................12 VIII. KEY PERSONNEL................................................................................................13 IX. EVALUATION .......................................................................................................13 X. ENDORSEMENTS ...............................................................................................14 XI. NEXT STEPS .........................................................................................................14 XII. APPENDIX .............................................................................................................14 This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Summary The wonderful wildlife of Samloem was established Nov 2015 through a partnership with the diveshop Cambodia. Our mission is to educate the residents, fishermen and visitors to the island the importance of the wildlife on Samloem and how it supports them through ecosystem services and processes. With this data we will assist businesses and locals how to utilize the island more sustainably and provide educational booklets of the flora and fauna, offering an ecological aspect to the island. This project aims to reduce and eradicate destructive practices on and around the island and promote a more eco-friendly use of the island. Improve the collective mentality towards wildlife and incite understanding and awareness of human impacts. The organization is currently conducting preliminary studies on the island to begin building the foundations of the wildlife database and to help establish what surveys and equipment will be required for the official project. To achieve the goals and objectives we need to establish the current wildlife database over a period of 12-18 months. This will require continual funding during this time frame for the itemized budget included in this proposal. We are expecting to budget to total £64,331.96(1year time period) or £86.831.96 (1.5 year period). We are working with the MFMA a local organization established to protected the waters of the Koh Rong archipelago, flora and fauna international and the song saa foundation on some local projects as well as conducting small side projects promoting an ecological presence on the island. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Introduction The Wonderful Wildlife of Samloem (WWS) was established as a project to offer an alternative to the current unsustainable practices locals and residents have on the islands by educating them about the wildlife and their importance to the longevity of the island and it residents. The project began with the completion of Stephanie Young’s open water diving course, after which Stephanie Young began to compile a marine life database of the species found at the dive sites to educate and fascinate divers before and during their scuba experience. This developed into recording the terrestrial species as well until a partnership with a local diving company (The Diveshop, Cambodia) to promote this idea developing it into a project and the idea of WWS was created 2015. Our mission is to protect the island ecosystem by educating its guests and residents the importance of habitats and species and offering alternative practices and regulations that support the ecology and the community. The island of Koh Rong Samloem (KRS) is a popular destination island mostly covered by jungle and surrounded by coral reefs, the island also offers a variety of other habitats; Mangroves, sea grass beds, ancient dunes and many more just as sophisticated and diverse. But due to the lack of knowledge and understanding the beauty of the island (along with many other islands and mainland Cambodia) is being lost due to unsustainable development, deforestation, unsustainable fishing practices, harmful ecotourism attractions among other smaller scaled practices and behaviours. The idea behind this project is to map the islands ecosystem both interspecific and intraspecific interactions, highlighting the keystone species and habitats that provide the ecosystem processes and services especially tourism which is the islands sole revenue. In countries where there are high levels of corruption it is difficult to implement ecological practices when there is so much desperation. For actual change to happen the community needs to want to change which is why The wonderful Wildlife of Samloem is a community project made available for everyone to be part of. Through the use of coalition with law enforcement & businesses on the island, social media, websites and apps the information will be available to use to educate and facilitate more sustainable and ecological behaviours by showing the real beauty of nature. The field studies will map both the terrestrial and marine habitats with video, photographs, various surveys specific to taxon. With the data collected and analyzed the project intends to educate the younger generation through educational programs (Schools & NGO’s), also offering lectures and seminars to promote the projects ideals to other interested parties and improving current marine legislation and infrastructure to combat exploitation. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Needs/Problems The target population are the residents, fishermen and visitors on the island 12 – 18 months for the preliminary studies of the island, presence and absence surveys. Minimal knowledge of the island and its ecosystem Deforestation and illegal logging Resort development is not too detrimental because it is not over populated however land is being cleared unnecessarily fragmenting the island, impacting the larger species on the island (i.e. Long tailed macaques, Northern slow loris, Sunda pangolins, monitor lizards) and removing colonies of insect species important for pollination and decomposing to allow for secondary succession. Also the land is being sold off to large developers before any in depth ecological surveys can be conducted. The terrestrial specie populations are impacted by the deforestation making way for new resorts, logging trees which are ultimately useless and are then wasted. Many species of birds and reptiles reside here but locals will kill and many times not eat as this has become a sport to cure boredom. A group called the Koh Rong Samloem nature conservancy established some protected areas on the island but contact to them is severed and little enforcement of the protected site occurs. Small businesses assist in the enforcement of illegal activities but it is difficult to prevent unless the culprits are caught in the act. The MFMA organization works with the Cambodian government to improve marine fisheries and the private sector infrastructure and work with small local groups and local NGO’s but this is marine orientated only. The organization is addressing the current issues but this is a slow process as the infrastructure needs to be put in place before action can be taken. There is limited research on the islands terrestrial species and ecosystem infrastructure which is why WWS is interested to determine how bio-insular evolution has influenced the flora and fauna. Harmful fishing practices (dynamite, cyanide, trawler nets, anchoring on reef, fishing undersized catch, by catch). There is no specific target population as this project encompasses the whole island and the habitats that comprise its ecosystem. Marine habitats are degraded worse than most due to dynamite fishing & cyanide fishing killing the fish and the coral habitat causing the loss of habitat foundations, similar impacts are caused by trawler nets and anchors which are also impacting sea grass beds. Many fish population whether they are commercial or tropical are diminishing because fishermen are catching juveniles and excessive by-catch which unbalances the ecosystem and has resulted in depleted stocks of commercial fish. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Tourism has a huge impact especially when it comes to waste much of which ends up in the sea as proper sewage treatment and systems haven’t been established. Businesses abuse the limited water available on the island as too many businesses are being built for the islands water sources to handle as well as logging which is lowering the water table causing species to migrate outland (i.e. snakes, monitor lizards). Ecotourism has also had severe impacts on ecosystem health. Many businesses conduct boat tours to the same sites resulting in large groups snorkeling along reefs which can stress the species present, the locals throw their rubbish overboard, anchor on the reef, they also burn areas of land unnecessarily removing large areas of jungle reducing the habitat areas. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Goals/Objectives Our goals and objective are to establish solutions to the problems discussed earlier and to develop a more sustainable island: • Improve the collective mentality of the islands resident to raise awareness of their human impacts, reducing destructive practices and offer alternative solutions that benefit the livelihood of both the residents and the wildlife. This will be accomplished by building information plaques about the island and the wildlife. Reducing human impacts with rubbish bins on jungle walks and regular meetings with the navy and business owners to combat current ecological issues on the island. Reduce deforestation and worthless produce (cutting down trees that cannot be used) by educating locals and business owners and implementing ways to contact the governing bodies to stop illegal activities. Resort development impacts can be reduced by involving businesses in the project through regular island meetings with business owners, educational seminars, online information and apps. Cohesion with the project and the business owners is vital to promote the projects ideals and to establish more eco-friendly practices. This will be done by outlining and highlighting the resulting destruction if practices are not changed. Marine impacts will be reduced by working with local diving companies and assisting MFMA with data collections and research analysis, also offering alternative or modified fishing practices to reduce by-catch and unnecessary destruction to marine habitats. Improving the MPA of the Koh Rong archipelago will reduce the impacts of harmful fishing practices, improve the policing of the MPA, establishing a no take zone (NTZ) to allow exploited reefs and populations to re-establish and fully develop until they overspill into fishing zones. Set up mooring buoys to reduce coral damage from anchors. Setting up an eco-house for visitors and residents to visit and learn about the wildlife specific to the island. Designing literature specific to the island to offer a better experience and understanding of the wildlife and overall fascination to the islands nature. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Procedures/Scope of Work As this is a community project it is unclear how many people will be involved in execution of each stage until the end or whether any training would be required as we do not know the knowledge and expertise of future volunteers and staff. Any training for marine surveys will be provided through the diveshop including a species ID course. WWS has been able to ascertain the survey methods which are specifically suited to the taxon being recorded which is detailed in each stage below. Specialists in the field of botany, conservation, marine ecosystems and Cambodian residents with local knowledge of the island species will be involved in the data collection and organization of surveys sites. With each species recorded relevant background information will be provided to offer wider knowledge on the individual and its importance to the islands ecosystem. After each stage is complete a report will be written to assess the success of the surveys conducted and highlight any anomalies that may have occurred including why. A daily dairy will be kept for the evaluation of each stage. 1. The first stage of the project is to document the wildlife (both flora and fauna) found along the main jungle trails and beaches (sunset beach and trail, Saracen beach, lazy beach and trail, lighthouse trail and military beach, M’pai bai trail and beach) providing any details about their location, type of day (sunny, windy, raining, cloudy etc) and temperature; adding background data about the species and any inter and intraspecific connections to other species. Using their GPS coordinates each species will be input into a GIS map (made in phase 3) which will be used to educate visitors and residents. This data will be made available through the use of an interactive website (this will be available once this stage has been completed) and application for educational purposes to raise awareness and offer an ecological aspect to the tourism on the island. This will establish the foundations of ecological awareness. The creation and establishment of mooring buoys will begin during the first stage of data collection at the most active dive sites. This will reduce any impact the projects marine data surveys may have on the reef and any other dive companies or boats that are in the area. 2. Stage 2 is conducted the same as stage 1 but this is the recording the dive sites around the island and the sites will be recorded as well as photographed to gather as much information about the coral reef systems, reef profiles and the species that reside in it. This data will be added to the GIS map with the relevant background data and inter and intraspecific relations. A marine booklet will be designed specific to the species on Samloem to improve knowledge and interest. We intend to record the dawn, day and night at each dive site as the ecology changes with the time of day. 3. Phase 3 is the creation of a GIS map and layout of terrestrial survey sites across the island. Due to the size of the island it will have to be segmented into sites small enough This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm to survey efficiently (the current boundaries will be established on completion of the GIS map). Once the boundaries are established an initial walk to mark out safe transect routes with paint (the topography varies throughout the island and there are several venomous snakes, insects and other dangerous species), to minimalize risk and maximize health and safety throughout the project. Markers will be made using GPS and paint. This stage will also establish the points of interest (also marked by GPS point and paint); areas of high biodiversity, water sources, animal activity which will be conducted nocturnally and diurnally recording footage of the specie presence. The transects will be established along the accessible routes through the different habitats of each site (using a compass as well as GPS and paint) until it reaches the site or island boundary. Transect point and points of interest will be colour coordinated (one colour for transect walk another colour to mark a point of interest) to prevent confusion. This process will be repeated for every site established but the transects may vary between site to due to topography and elevation. 4. Stage four will be the set up and execution of the survey methods established for each site (in phase 3) and taxon, the time period between survey set up and data collection will vary between the species being collected. Mammal surveys will encompass visual surveys; spotting, photographs, video footage, food traps and humane traps for release after capture (small rodents). Bird surveys will include visual sighting, photographs, video footage and vocal recordings. Reptile surveys are kept relatively simple just visual records; photographs and video footage, this is due to health and safety reasons as well as for the species wellbeing. Amphibian surveys are comprised of visual methods; photographs, video footage and spot light surveys. Insect surveys are more diverse to document the wide variety of families within this ecosystem; pitfall traps, moth lights, honey traps, butterfly nets, soil samples, canopy beating. Marine specie surveys are being kept simple; visual surveys, photographs and video footage as we are just recording presence and inter and intraspecific relationships. 5. Stage five is the recording of the marine areas between the dive sites using video photographs to record the habitats and species. This is to ensure all areas of the island are recorded. There may be a reason why the coral cover is low or the area is low in productivity and diversity. 6. Stage six will comprise all the data both terrestrial and marine on a map with background information about each species will be included, some of this data may have been taken from the corresponding social media page for this project. The data will also be put on the website. The length of time this stage will take is dependent on the number of volunteers available and data collected. 7. The final stage of this project is the data analysis where we establish relationships between the different plants, plants and animals, animal and animals, animals and habitat, between habitats and finally terrestrial and marine systems to establish the complete cycle of the islands ecosystem. A final ecosystem map will be made available online on the WWS website as well as the final report detailing key areas and species This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm that provide benefits for the resident’s livelihood. The report will be made indicating these areas and educational presentations will be produce using the data to outline a step by step from the relationships between the species and habitat to how it produces the ecosystem services and processes and finally outlining how we utilize it and the impacts the current ways are causing then providing alternative solutions. The final report will also be forwarded to any organizations (i.e. MFMA, song saa foundation etc) involved to be used for educational purposes and to improve governing infrastructure. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Timetable Due to the style of project and resources available some of the phases will overlap throughout the project time frame, but each phase will be documented accordingly and detail any changes to the timetable including why. Phase One Phase Two Phase Three Phase four Phase five Phase six Phase seven Description of Work Trail and beach terrestrial data recordings, mooring buoy creation and deployment Dive site data collection will be collected throughout project time frame Island map and transect set up throughout the island Once transects established in phase 3 data collection will be continual throughout project time frame Recording marine species in areas between the island dive sites Updating map (created in phase 3) with pictures and background information of the individual species (continual updates will be made throughout the project as data is collected) Data analysis and final project report Time frame of phase 4-6 week period Throughout project 1year time frame 2 weeks to create map 4-6 weeks period Throughout project 1year time frame 3 months Throughout project 1year time frame 3 months This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Key Personnel Client Sponsor Project manager Team Koh Rong Samloem None Stephanie Young (partner The Diveshop) Diveshop personnel (names will be confirmed nearer the date of initiation) Sophie Bossmann (Botanist & advisor) Volunteers names unconfirmed University students Evaluation Due to the variability of this project a daily diary will be made to account for any changes positive and negative and also record the conditions that day. Random yet relevant information will be recorded as well. To monitor and evaluate the projects progress after each phase a report will be completed summarizing the results as well as at the end of the project time frame. Indicators for the goals and objective set will be; Goal 1 – a reduction in waste on the island, a change in the mentality of the islands residents and a change towards more sustainable practices. Goal 2 – logging activity reduced or diminished. Goal 3 – businesses converting to more ecofriendly and sustainable practices. Goal 4 – increased use of the mooring buoys, eradication of detrimental fishing practices and the establishment of no take zones and protected areas. A reduction of fishing in coastal reefs and more policing around the island. Goal 5 – the completion of an eco-center and information booklets about the island. Cohesion with the navy and local police will enforce the objectives for the projects goal. All evaluations will be carried out by Stephanie Young as stated earlier after each phase has been completed. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm Endorsements Stephanie Young – The diveshop, Koh Rong Samloem, Sihanoukville, kampong som, Cambodia Dennis Funke – The Diveshop, serendipity road, Sihanoukville, kampong som, Cambodia Other funding requests have been made but currently the project receives no other funding Appendix WWS HISTORY After Nov 2015 when the organization was created it has set several small goals to establish and ecological presence on the island, The diveshop has been made –over with educational pictures and information on the marine life. We have been coordinating our efforts with the MFMA, flora and fauna international and song saa foundation to combat detrimental fishing practices around the island. Equipping frequented dive sites with trawler net defenses, facilitating information and evidence to the law enforcements of destructive fishing and logging practices. FUTURE ASPECTS After our initial project we will continue our efforts through a 5 year plan to maintain and improve the projects achievements. This will be achieved through the buildings of an ecological house for visitors and locals to learn about the island and offering an ecological aspect to visiting the island. We will continue to collect terrestrial and marine data keeping the database up to date as the success of the project will increase the biodiversity. More in depth studies will be conducted establishing soil chemistry around the island and how this influences floral diversity and growth. Our efforts will be coordinated with NGO’s local and international for educational and scientific purposes as well as to improve ecological growth, within the island community. This Project Proposal Form is created for you by the simple project management tool www.casual.pm